什麼是山寨幣？替代加密貨幣指南

每個人都知道比特幣（BTC），特別是考慮到它在加密媒體中被提及的次數，但可以說是第二常見的，但更令人困惑

Bitcoin (BTC) is a household name, especially given how frequently it’s mentioned in the crypto media, but arguably the second most common, yet more confusing term, is ‘altcoins’.

比特幣（BTC）是一個家喻戶曉的名字，特別是考慮到它在加密媒體中被頻繁提及，但可以說第二個最常見但更令人困惑的術語是「山寨幣」。

The truth of the matter is that the two are inherently related. While Bitcoin set the foundation for crypto’s existence, altcoins have allowed it to flourish into the ecosystem we all know today.

事實的真相是，兩者有著內在的關聯。雖然比特幣為加密貨幣的存在奠定了基礎，但山寨幣使其在我們今天所知的生態系統中蓬勃發展。

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But the question remains: What exactly are altcoins, and what sorts of benefits can they offer the everyday crypto investor?

但問題仍然存在：山寨幣到底是什麼？

An altcoin is simply any cryptocurrency that isn’t Bitcoin, with the ‘Alt’ referring to ‘alternative.’

山寨幣是指除比特幣之外的任何加密貨幣，「Alt」指的是「替代品」。

It’s important to remember that Bitcoin was the very first modern cryptocurrency, so in a sense, every crypto that came after it was based on, or at least inspired by, Satoshi Nakamoto’s token.

重要的是要記住，比特幣是第一個現代加密貨幣，因此從某種意義上說，在它之後出現的每一種加密貨幣都基於或至少受到中本聰代幣的啟發。

However, Bitcoin is far from perfect and has several issues that many altcoins have seemed to address, creating an endless cycle of improvement.

然而，比特幣遠非完美，並且存在許多山寨幣似乎已經解決的幾個問題，從而創造了無限的改進循環。

Therefore, while all altcoins are based on Bitcoin’s technology, they each have their own use cases and purpose, becoming alternative coins to the token that started it all.

因此，雖然所有山寨幣都基於比特幣的技術，但它們都有自己的用例和目的，成為開始這一切的代幣的替代幣。

The term altcoin didn’t exist until Namecoin arrived in April 2011, nearly two years after Bitcoin’s launch.

直到 2011 年 4 月 Namecoin 出現，即比特幣推出近兩年後，「山寨幣」一詞才出現。

Namecoin was primarily designed as a way to decentralize the infrastructure of the internet – resisting censorship and increasing privacy and security for online users.

Namecoin 的主要設計目的是作為一種去中心化網路基礎設施的方式——抵制審查並提高線上使用者的隱私和安全性。

However, it was also built directly from Bitcoin’s source code, ultimately opening the floodgates to the wave of altcoins that would emerge shortly after. Namecoin encouraged developers to tweak Bitcoin’s code for themselves, leading us into the modern age of cryptocurrency.

然而，它也是直接從比特幣的源代碼構建的，最終為不久之後出現的山寨幣浪潮打開了大門。 Namecoin 鼓勵開發人員自行調整比特幣程式碼，引領我們進入加密貨幣的現代時代。

From a broad perspective, the cryptocurrency industry as we know it today couldn’t exist without altcoins. This is admittedly a pretty bold statement, but we can break it down by focusing on two central benefits of altcoins’ emergence.

從廣泛的角度來看，如果沒有山寨幣，我們今天所知的加密貨幣產業就不可能存在。誠然，這是一個相當大膽的聲明，但我們可以透過關注山寨幣出現的兩個核心好處來分解它。

Altcoins can be created for various use cases, from granting voting power or enhancing user privacy to being used in crypto games. Therefore, having a diverse market allows crypto investors to interact with tokens in ways that Bitcoin doesn’t allow.

可以為各種用例創建山寨幣，從授予投票權或增強用戶隱私到在加密遊戲中使用。因此，擁有多元化的市場可以讓加密貨幣投資者以比特幣不允許的方式與代幣互動。

As a bonus, it also creates the opportunity to bulk up a portfolio with tokens built for many different and unique purposes.

作為獎勵，它還創造了機會，透過為許多不同且獨特的目的而建立的代幣來擴大投資組合。

On the other hand, the existence of altcoins also adds to the market’s long-term survivability by helping to garner mainstream attention. Suppose we imagine just how common headlines are concerning tokens’ rising and falling value. In that case, it ultimately drives excitement and garners attention inside and outside the crypto community, ensuring the market never becomes stale or predictable.

另一方面，山寨幣的存在也有助於吸引主流關注，從而增加了市場的長期生存能力。假設我們想像一下有關代幣價值上漲和下跌的頭條新聞是多麼普遍。在這種情況下，它最終會引起興奮並吸引加密貨幣社區內外的關注，確保市場永遠不會變得陳舊或可預測。

As mentioned, altcoins are designed to be ‘alternatives’ to Bitcoin. This inherently means they are trying to be more appealing, primarily by using new technology.

如前所述，山寨幣被設計為比特幣的「替代品」。這本質上意味著他們正在努力變得更具吸引力，主要是透過使用新技術。

As a result, the arrival of altcoins has simultaneously ushered in a rise in technological improvements across the crypto ecosystem.

因此，山寨幣的到來同時帶動了整個加密生態系統的技術進步。

For example, Ethereum (ETH), which most people consider an altcoin, was the first to introduce smart contracts. Smart contracts allow developers to create dApps on blockchains, opening up new financial avenues for crypto investors, like lending and borrowing. Bitcoin, meanwhile, has struggled to implement them.

例如，大多數人認為是山寨幣的以太坊（ETH）是第一個引入智能合約的。智慧合約允許開發人員在區塊鏈上創建 dApp，為加密貨幣投資者開闢新的金融途徑，例如借貸。與此同時，比特幣一直在努力實現這些目標。

On the other hand, Bitcoin SV has considerably ramped up transaction speeds by enhancing its block size – blocks are used to store transactions, so being bigger means more transactions can be processed at once.

另一方面，Bitcoin SV 透過增加區塊大小來顯著提高交易速度——區塊用於儲存交易，因此更大意味著可以同時處理更多交易。

Meanwhile, Peercoin in 2012 introduced the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. This is a method of verifying transactions on a blockchain network that is drastically more energy-efficient than Bitcoin’s Proof-of-Work (PoW).

同時，Peercoin在2012年引進了權益證明（PoS）共識機制。這是一種在區塊鏈網路上驗證交易的方法，比比特幣的工作量證明（PoW）更節能。

By definition, altcoins are any token other than Bitcoin, but this isn’t to suggest that all of them are the same in terms of their design and purpose. Here are some of the most popular altcoins that fall under the altcoin ‘umbrella.’

根據定義，山寨幣是除比特幣之外的任何代幣，但這並不意味著所有代幣的設計和用途都是相同的。以下是一些屬於山寨幣「保護傘」的最受歡迎的山寨幣。

As the name implies, memecoins are tokens influenced by and named after characters and individuals from memes and pop culture. Popular examples are Dogecoin (DOGE) and Shiba Inu (SHIB), which both use the Shiba dog meme as their symbol.

顧名思義，模因幣是受模因和流行文化中的人物和個人影響並以其命名的代幣。流行的例子是狗狗幣（DOGE）和柴犬（SHIB），它們都使用柴犬迷因作為其符號。

Since they aren’t technically built for any particular use case, memecoins entirely rely on their community to raise the token’s price due to a lack of intrinsic value. Unfortunately, this has also made them easy to use as scams.

由於它們在技術上並不是針對任何特定用例而構建的，因此由於缺乏內在價值，模因幣完全依賴其社群來提高代幣的價格。不幸的是，這也使它們很容易被用作騙局。

Therefore, they are seen as fun, light-hearted, community-driven alternatives that tend not to be concerned with long-term investment potential like Bitcoin.

因此，它們被視為有趣、輕鬆、社群驅動的替代品，往往不像比特幣那樣專注於長期投資潛力。

These tokens are pegged to a stable asset, such as the US dollar or gold, and will, therefore, maintain as closely to the original’s value as possible.

這些代幣與美元或黃金等穩定資產掛鉤，因此將盡可能保持原始價值。

Since stablecoins don’t harbor any volatility, many companies use them as an alternative to Bitcoin when paying employees, for example. Similarly, they are easier to use when buying real-life goods since they are essentially a digital

由於穩定幣不存在任何波動性，因此許多公司在向員工支付工資時將其用作比特幣的替代品。同樣，它們在購買現實生活中的商品時更容易使用，因為它們本質上是數位化的