How to fix Ledger Live transaction stuck on "broadcasting"?

Understanding Transaction Broadcasting in Ledger Live

1. A transaction stuck on 'broadcasting' indicates the wallet has prepared the unsigned payload but failed to relay it to the network’s nodes.

2. This status does not mean the transaction is confirmed or even submitted—it reflects a local client-side state before network propagation.

3. The issue commonly arises when the connected node endpoint returns no response, times out, or rejects the raw transaction due to formatting or nonce mismatch.

4. Ledger Live relies on third-party infrastructure providers like Blockchair, Etherscan API, or Alchemy for Ethereum-based chains; instability in those services directly impacts broadcasting reliability.

5. Hardware signing completes successfully on-device, yet broadcasting depends entirely on software-level network coordination—not device firmware.

Node Connectivity and Endpoint Verification

1. Ledger Live uses predefined RPC endpoints per chain. For Ethereum mainnet, it defaults to public endpoints managed by Ledger’s infrastructure partners.

2. Users cannot manually override these endpoints inside the standard Ledger Live UI without developer mode or CLI tools.

3. Network congestion does not cause 'broadcasting' hangs—those manifest as pending confirmations, not broadcast stalls.

4. DNS resolution failures or TLS handshake errors between Ledger Live and its configured RPC host may silently halt transmission without error notification.

5. Firewalls, corporate proxies, or aggressive antivirus software can intercept and drop outbound HTTPS POST requests carrying signed transaction payloads.

Nonce and Account State Conflicts

1. If the account’s on-chain nonce is higher than the one embedded in the transaction, the node refuses to accept it—yet Ledger Live may still display 'broadcasting' indefinitely.

2. Concurrent transactions from the same address using external wallets (e.g., MetaMask) can increment the nonce without Ledger Live detecting the change.

3. Ledger Live caches account state—including balance and nonce—at intervals. Stale cache data leads to mismatched transaction construction.

4. Manually setting a custom nonce in advanced transaction options bypasses auto-increment logic but requires precise synchronization with current blockchain state.

5. Reusing a nonce—even once—results in immediate rejection by all compliant nodes, halting broadcast before any network visibility occurs.

ACRE Wallet Module Integration Behavior

1. The ACRE Wallet API Module implements transactionSign to produce raw signed bytes compatible with EVM chains, including Ethereum and compatible L2s.

2. Its transactionSign method outputs a Buffer containing RLP-encoded, signature-appended transaction data—not a hex string ready for direct RPC submission.

3. Ledger Live must perform post-signing serialization into a valid JSON-RPC eth_sendRawTransaction payload format before dispatch.

4. If the ACRE module’s output deviates from expected RLP structure—such as incorrect chain ID encoding or missing access list fields—the broadcast request fails at the RPC layer.

5. The messageSign function used for Withdraw or SignIn operations produces ECDSA signatures over structured domain-separator hashes, unrelated to transaction broadcasting flow.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Does restarting Ledger Live clear the 'broadcasting' state?A: Yes. Restarting terminates the hanging HTTP request thread and resets internal broadcast attempt counters. It does not resubmit the transaction.

Q: Can I extract the signed transaction hex from Ledger Live during a 'broadcasting' hang?A: No. Ledger Live does not expose raw signed transaction data in the UI. Debug logs may contain it only if verbose logging is enabled prior to initiation.

Q: Is the 'broadcasting' state visible on the Ledger device screen?A: No. The device only displays prompts for signature approval. All broadcasting logic resides solely in the desktop/mobile application.

Q: Does changing the network (e.g., from Ethereum mainnet to Sepolia) affect an already-stuck broadcast?A: Yes. Switching networks invalidates the cached broadcast context. The pending transaction disappears from the interface without confirmation or error.