全息3D打印——行业的未来

增材制造工艺继续受益于创新。本周，康考迪亚大学的一组研究人员介绍了一种使用全息图 3D 打印复杂设计等的方法。

3D printing continues to benefit from innovation. This week, researchers from Concordia introduced a method of using holograms to 3D print intricate designs and more. Their holographic 3D printing method is seen by many as a solution to many of the current techniques' shortfalls. Here's everything you need to know about holographic 3D printing and why it's the future of the industry.

3D打印继续受益于创新。本周，来自 Concordia 的研究人员介绍了一种使用全息图 3D 打印复杂设计等的方法。他们的全息 3D 打印方法被许多人视为解决当前技术许多缺陷的方法。以下是您需要了解的有关全息 3D 打印以及为什么它是该行业的未来的所有信息。

The 3D printing sector has seen explosive growth over the last decade across all metrics, including users, tech, material science, and methods. The most popular forms of 3D printing still rely on heat and lasers to mold the material into the desired shape. While this strategy has proven effective, it still leaves much to be desired by users.

过去十年，3D 打印行业的所有指标都出现了爆炸性增长，包括用户、技术、材料科学和方法。最流行的 3D 打印形式仍然依靠热量和激光将材料塑造成所需的形状。尽管这一策略已被证明是有效的，但它仍然距离用户的期望还有很大差距。

Direct Sound Printing (DSP)

直接声音打印 (DSP)

In 2022, a method of 3D printing using sound waves was introduced to the market. This strategy leverages sound waves to harden print material into a desired shape. Sound Waves are used to create cavitation, which occurs whenever the static pressure drops below vapor pressure in a liquid. This state creates milliseconds of high pressure and heat. This heat is used to harden 3D printed materials quickly.

2022年，一种利用声波的3D打印方法被引入市场。该策略利用声波将打印材料硬化成所需的形状。声波用于产生空化，每当液体中的静压降至蒸气压以下时就会发生空化。这种状态会产生几毫秒的高压和热量。这种热量用于快速硬化 3D 打印材料。

Holographic Direct Sound Printing (HDSP)

全息直接声音打印 (HDSP)

Researchers proposed an upgrade to the current DSP method in a recent article published in the journal Nature Communications called Holographic Direct Sound Printing (HDSP). This new approach utilizes acoustic holograms to improve the process. The hologram uses specially patterned acoustic waves that induce cavitation bubbles at specific locations.

研究人员在最近发表在《自然通讯》杂志上的一篇名为全息直接声音打印（HDSP）的文章中提出了对当前 DSP 方法的升级。这种新方法利用声全息图来改进该过程。全息图使用特殊图案的声波在特定位置诱发空化气泡。

The chemically activated acoustic cavitation bubbles provide real-time on-demand regional polymerization, enabling researchers to print using sound more effectively and with more detail. According to the study, the printing process allows engineers to examine and store cross-sectional images of desired prints, enhancing design capabilities and enabling researchers to improve internal structuring.

化学激活的声空化气泡提供实时按需区域聚合，使研究人员能够更有效、更详细地使用声音进行打印。根据这项研究，打印过程允许工程师检查和存储所需打印件的横截面图像，从而增强设计能力并使研究人员能够改进内部结构。

HDSP Printer

高清数字信号处理器打印机

The HDSP printer is set up in a manner that is reversed to many of its predecessors. Rather than the printing arm moving, a motorized platform moves the material within the stationary holographic image. The system utilizes pre-programmed patterns based on advanced algorithms to navigate the robotic arm around the holographic image, enabling the sonochemical reactions to occur and harden the print.

HDSP 打印机的设置方式与其许多前身相反。电动平台不是移动打印臂，而是移动静止全息图像内的材料。该系统利用基于先进算法的预编程模式来围绕全息图像导航机械臂，从而发生声化学反应并硬化打印件。

Holographic 3D Printing Test

全息3D打印测试

The research paper delves into some of the testing methods used to qualify the new additive manufacturing process. Researchers conducted a series of sono-chemiluminescence and high-speed imaging experiments to gauge the capabilities and performance of the HDSP. Specifically, key details were tracked including a detailed account of the polymerization process, tuning effects, robotic movements, and software computations.

该研究论文深入研究了一些用于鉴定新增材制造工艺的测试方法。研究人员进行了一系列声化学发光和高速成像实验来衡量 HDSP 的功能和性能。具体来说，跟踪了关键细节，包括聚合过程、调整效果、机器人运动和软件计算的详细说明。

Holographic 3D Printing Results

全息 3D 打印结果

The results of the study are game-changing. For one, the researchers noticed that there was a direct correlation between feed rate and their ability to make alterations to complex prints. As such, the team integrated advanced software algorithms to optimize parameters based on the needs of each print. This maneuver resulted in highly accurate printed structures that could outperform previous designs.

这项研究的结果是改变游戏规则的。其一，研究人员注意到进给速度与修改复杂打印件的能力之间存在直接相关性。因此，该团队集成了先进的软件算法，根据每次打印的需求优化参数。这种操作产生了高度精确的印刷结构，其性能优于以前的设计。

The team went on to research the HDSP's ability to print across a variety of different materials. They also tested the effects of the holograms on the process under different levels of intensity, design, and placement. Lastly, they examined how different structures, such as porosity and materials, affect the tuning process.

该团队继续研究 HDSP 在各种不同材料上进行打印的能力。他们还测试了全息图在不同强度、设计和放置水平下对流程的影响。最后，他们研究了不同的结构（例如孔隙率和材料）如何影响调谐过程。

Remote Distance Printing (RDP)

远程打印 (RDP)

The most important breakthrough of this research revolves around remote printing. The engineers found that they could print objects behind walls and other structures using HDSP. This method of internal printing could enable a future where your car parts are printed in place rather than installed. Even more impressive, the same strategy could be used to print organs or repair internal damage in a non-invasive manner.

这项研究最重要的突破围绕着远程打印。工程师发现他们可以使用 HDSP 打印墙壁和其他结构后面的物体。这种内部打印方法可以让您的汽车零部件在未来就地打印而不是安装。更令人印象深刻的是，同样的策略可以用于以非侵入性方式打印器官或修复内部损伤。

Benefits of Holographic 3D Printing

全息3D打印的好处

The researchers put forth a compelling case as to why HDSP outperforms DSP across nearly every category. For one, it's much faster than the original DSP method, which was limited to a voxel-by-voxel printing strategy. HDSP enables multiple areas to undergo hardening at the same time. The results are that you can print up to 20x faster using DHSP methods.

研究人员提出了一个令人信服的案例来解释为什么 HDSP 在几乎所有类别上都优于 DSP。其一，它比原始 DSP 方法快得多，后者仅限于逐体素打印策略。 HDSP可以实现多个区域同时进行加固。结果是，使用 DHSP 方法可以将打印速度提高 20 倍。

Another benefit that HDSP introduces is the ability to alter images during the printing process. In a traditional method of 3D printing, each layer is applied and hardened, meaning that there's no way to make alterations if the component is already added. HDSP users can alter the hologram, which automatically changes the printing with minimal effort. As such, there's less waste as this approach reduces printing errors.

HDSP 带来的另一个好处是能够在打印过程中更改图像。在传统的 3D 打印方法中，每一层都会被应用并硬化，这意味着如果组件已经添加，则无法进行更改。 HDSP 用户可以更改全息图，从而以最小的努力自动更改打印。因此，这种方法减少了打印错误，从而减少了浪费。

HDSP opens the door for a new level of complexity within the market. This printer can create intricate designs with internals utilizing soundwaves, enabling engineers to develop more effective, lightweight options without sacrificing performance and durability.

HDSP 打开了市场复杂性新水平的大门。该打印机可以利用声波创建复杂的内部设计，使工程师能够开发更有效、更轻量的选项，而无需牺牲性能和耐用性。

Another game-changing advantage the HDSP offers is the ability to create objects simultaneously. The system allows you to maximize efforts by combining multiple prints during a single session. The system can accommodate different prints at different locations, maximizing printing space and lowering print times.

HDSP 提供的另一个改变游戏规则的优势是同时创建对象的能力。该系统允许您在一次会话中组合多个打印件，从而最大限度地提高工作效率。该系统可以适应不同地点的不同打印，最大化打印空间并降低打印时间。

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