欧盟内部安全创新中心发布了第一份关于加密的综合报告，重点关注与加密相关的问题。

该报告由欧洲刑警组织、欧洲司法组织和其他欧盟机构合作编写，深入探讨了加密货币如何影响执法工作。

The European Union Innovation Hub for Internal Security has released its first comprehensive report on encryption, focusing largely on crypto-related issues.

欧盟内部安全创新中心发布了第一份关于加密的综合报告，主要关注与加密相关的问题。

Authored in collaboration with Europol, Eurojust, and other EU agencies, the report delves into how cryptocurrencies are impacting law enforcement efforts.

该报告是与欧洲刑警组织、欧洲司法组织和其他欧盟机构合作撰写的，深入探讨了加密货币如何影响执法工作。

It highlights the significant gaps in law enforcement’s ability to track and recover illicit digital assets moved via decentralized methods like privacy coins, layer-2 networks, and crypto mixers.

它凸显了执法部门在跟踪和追回通过隐私币、第二层网络和加密货币混合器等去中心化方法转移的非法数字资产的能力方面存在巨大差距。

Crypto and Law Enforcement

加密货币和执法

The report outlines how cryptocurrencies, which rely heavily on public-private key cryptography, pose unique challenges and opportunities for law enforcement.

该报告概述了严重依赖公私密钥加密技术的加密货币如何给执法带来独特的挑战和机遇。

According to the report, cryptocurrencies are increasingly used for laundering criminal proceeds, complicating efforts to trace illicit funds. The rise of technologies such as zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) and Layer-2 (L2) networks, which enhance privacy, may further obscure the origins and movements of these funds.

该报告称，加密货币越来越多地用于洗钱犯罪所得，使追踪非法资金的工作变得更加复杂。零知识证明 (ZKP) 和第 2 层 (L2) 网络等增强隐私性的技术的兴起可能会进一步掩盖这些资金的来源和动向。

Currently, law enforcement can only recover funds moved via custodial wallets—where users do not hold their own private keys—by cooperating with exchanges and service providers to seize crypto suspected of criminal activity, the report said.

报告称，目前，执法部门只能通过与交易所和服务提供商合作扣押涉嫌犯罪活动的加密货币来追回通过托管钱包（用户不持有自己的私钥）转移的资金。

This cooperation is crucial, given the stringent user identification measures (know-your-customer, or KYC) mandated by anti-money laundering regulations. However, illicit funds moved via decentralized wallets and addresses remain beyond the reach of law enforcement due to the enhanced privacy offered by these technologies.

鉴于反洗钱法规规定了严格的用户识别措施（了解你的客户或 KYC），这种合作至关重要。然而，由于这些技术提供了增强的隐私性，通过去中心化钱包和地址转移的非法资金仍然超出了执法部门的范围。

Technological Advancements and Data Obfuscation

技术进步和数据混淆

The report highlighted several advancements that complicate tracking crypto transactions. Privacy coins like Monero obscure transaction details, presenting significant tracing challenges despite being less popular than Bitcoin among criminals.

该报告强调了一些使追踪加密交易变得复杂的进步。像门罗币这样的隐私币会掩盖交易细节，尽管在犯罪分子中不像比特币那么受欢迎，但也带来了巨大的追踪挑战。

Meanwhile, cryptocurrencies such as Dash and Litecoin offer optional encryption features that enhance transaction obfuscation. Mimblewimble, a protocol used by Grin and Beam, hides transaction details and uses aggregate verification techniques.

与此同时，达世币和莱特币等加密货币提供了可选的加密功能，可以增强交易的混淆性。 Mimblewimble 是 Grin 和 Beam 使用的协议，隐藏交易详细信息并使用聚合验证技术。

ZKPs, used by currencies like Zcash and mixing services like Tornado Cash, verify transactions without revealing details, posing substantial tracing challenges.

Zcash 等货币和 Tornado Cash 等混合服务使用的 ZKP 可以在不透露细节的情况下验证交易，从而带来巨大的追踪挑战。

Furthermore, L2 solutions like the Lightning Network for Bitcoin create payment channels that do not broadcast all transactions to the blockchain, complicating law enforcement tracking efforts.

此外，像比特币闪电网络这样的 L2 解决方案创建的支付渠道不会将所有交易广播到区块链，从而使执法跟踪工作变得复杂。

Future steps

未来的步骤

The report noted the paramount need for law enforcement to keep up with technological developments and emphasized that access to suspects’ private keys is critical for overcoming encryption challenges.

该报告指出，执法部门迫切需要跟上技术发展，并强调获取嫌疑人的私钥对于克服加密挑战至关重要。

The report also urged state agencies to enhance technical capabilities and foster closer collaboration with crypto exchanges and custodial wallet providers, which are essential for effectively tackling the misuse of digital assets for criminal purposes.

该报告还敦促国家机构提高技术能力，并促进与加密货币交易所和托管钱包提供商的更密切合作，这对于有效解决滥用数字资产用于犯罪目的至关重要。

The report called for continued research into “user-controlled” encryption and its impact on digital forensics and decryption capabilities. It also highlighted quantum computing’s potential to revolutionize cryptographic protocols and said that EU funding schemes are vital for supporting research projects to address these challenges.

该报告呼吁继续研究“用户控制”加密及其对数字取证和解密能力的影响。它还强调了量子计算彻底改变密码协议的潜力，并表示欧盟资助计划对于支持应对这些挑战的研究项目至关重要。

The report urged policymakers to prioritize funding to enhance law enforcement’s ability to counteract the misuse of cryptocurrencies.

该报告敦促政策制定者优先提供资金，以增强执法部门打击加密货币滥用的能力。

Mentioned in this articleAssad JafriAJ, a passionate journalist since Yemen’s 2011 Arab Spring, has honed his skills worldwide for over a decade. Specializing in financial journalism, he now focuses on crypto reporting.

本文提到的阿萨德·贾弗里AJ (Assad JafriAJ) 是一位自 2011 年也门阿拉伯之春以来充满热情的记者，十多年来一直在世界各地磨练自己的技能。他专注于金融新闻，现在专注于加密货币报道。

News Desk

新闻台

CryptoSlate is a comprehensive and contextualized source for crypto news, insights, and data. Focusing on Bitcoin, macro, DeFi and AI.

CryptoSlate 是加密新闻、见解和数据的全面且情境化的来源。专注于比特币、宏观、DeFi 和人工智能。

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