以太坊（ETH）联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁对协议进行重大简化

旨在将其复杂性降低到更接近比特币的水平，同时保留其在可编程性和可扩展性方面的独特优势。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has called for a major simplification of the protocol, aiming to reduce its complexity to a level closer to Bitcoin’s while preserving its unique strengths in programmability and scalability.

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin呼吁对协议进行重大简化，旨在将其复杂性降低到更接近比特币的水平，同时在可编程性和可扩展性方面保持其独特的优势。

In a blog post published Saturday, Buterin argued that Ethereum’s growing technical sprawl — from its consensus mechanisms to its virtual machine — has made it harder to maintain, audit, and onboard new developers.

在周六发表的博客文章中，布特林认为，以太坊不断增长的技术蔓延（从共识机制到虚拟机制）使维护，审核和机上新开发人员变得更加困难。

He proposed a multi-year strategy to shrink Ethereum’s “consensus-critical” codebase and reduce the risk that the protocol becomes too technocratic and fragile.

他提出了一项多年战略，以缩小以太坊的“关键共识”代码库，并降低协议变得过于技术官僚主义和脆弱的风险。

“Even a smart high school student is capable of fully wrapping their head around and understanding the Bitcoin protocol. A programmer can write a client as a hobby project,” Buterin wrote.

“即使是聪明的高中生也能够完全缠绕自己的头并了解比特币协议。程序员可以将客户写为爱好项目，” Buterin写道。

High complexity

高复杂性

Ethereum’s base layer has become increasingly complex due to feature additions, new consensus designs, and legacy code requirements. While this has enabled powerful use cases like smart contracts and zero-knowledge proofs, it has also increased the risk of bugs, made protocol upgrades harder, and raised the barrier for new developers.

由于添加功能，新的共识设计和旧版代码要求，以太坊的基础层变得越来越复杂。尽管这使得诸如智能合约和零知识证明之类的强大用例，但它还增加了错误的风险，制定协议升级更大，并为新开发人员提高了障碍。

In contrast, bitcoin’s core protocol remains relatively unchanged and minimal: blocks, transactions, proof-of-work, and coin outputs.

相比之下，比特币的核心协议保持相对不变且最少：块，交易，工作证明和硬币输出。

Area of simplification proposed by Buterin includes an overhaul of Ethereum’s current consensus layer (the “beacon chain”), which involves complex mechanics like epochs, slot shuffling, and sync committees.

Buterin提出的简化领域包括对以太坊当前共识层（“信标链”）的大修，该层涉及复杂的机械师，例如时期，插槽洗牌和同步委员会。

Another is patching the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) incrementally, but eventually replacing it entirely with a simpler virtual machine like RISC-V. This lightweight, open standard could bring performance boosts for zero-knowledge provers and drastically reduce code complexity.

另一个是通过逐步修补以太坊虚拟机（EVM），但最终将其完全替换为像RISC-V这样的简单虚拟机。这种轻巧的开放标准可以为零知识掠夺者带来绩效提高，并大大降低代码复杂性。

However, one of the main challenges is preserving backwards compatibility with existing Ethereum applications.

但是，主要挑战之一是将与现有以太坊应用程序的向后兼容。

Buterin outlined a phased approach where the current EVM and the new VM could run side-by-side, and legacy functionality could be moved into “non-consensus” layers.

Buterin概述了一个分阶段的方法，其中当前的EVM和新的VM可以并排运行，并且可以将遗产功能转移到“非共识”层中。