以太坊（ETH）开发人员正在简化提高可扩展性和弹性的核心协议

这种推动解决了当前网络的复杂性会产生长期风险，例如高开发开销和较大的攻击表面

Ethereum (ETH) developers are engaged in a significant endeavor to simplify the core protocol, aiming for enhanced resilience and scalability. This push is focused on reducing the complexity of the network, which in the long term could lead to high development overheads and a large attack surface.

以太坊（ETH）开发人员从事一项重大努力，以简化核心协议，以增强弹性和可扩展性。这项推动的重点是降低网络的复杂性，从长远来看，这可能导致高发展开销和较大的攻击表面。

The goal is to achieve a leaner design that aligns more closely with the philosophy of Bitcoin (BTC).

目的是实现更精简的设计，该设计与比特币（BTC）哲学更加吻合。

At the heart of this shift is the recognition that simplicity is not merely about fewer lines of code, but rather about rendering the protocol more comprehensible, robust, and decentralized.

这种转变的核心是认识到简单不仅涉及较少的代码行，而且还涉及使协议更容易理解，健壮和分散。

Now, Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum’s co-founder, is advocating for a substantial redesign that will restructure both the consensus and execution layers, paving the way for a more sustainable future for the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency.

现在，以太坊的联合创始人维塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）主张进行实质性的重新设计，该重新设计将重组共识和执行层，为世界第二大加密货币的前景铺平了道路。

Simplifying L1

简化L1

A key proposal is the “beam chain,” which focuses on streamlining the consensus mechanism. The plan pivots from the current epoch-slot system to a “3-slot finality” model, not only enhancing clarity but also reducing code complexity.

一个关键建议是“光束链”，该提议的重点是简化共识机制。该计划从当前的时期插槽系统到“ 3插槽终结”模型，不仅增强了清晰度，还可以降低代码复杂性。

This new model employs fewer active validators and introduces STARK-based aggregation for heightened network safety and efficiency. These changes permit Ethereum to adopt a leaner peer-to-peer architecture, reducing reliance on specialized nodes.

该新模型采用了更少的主动验证器，并引入了基于Stark的聚合，以提高网络安全性和效率。这些变化使以太坊能够采用更精美的点对点体系结构，从而减少了对专业节点的依赖。

Moreover, simplified validator processes for exits and key changes lower participation barriers, aligning with Ethereum’s aim of minimal trust and maximum access.

此外，简化的出口验证器流程和关键更改较低的参与障碍，与以太坊的目标相符，目的是最小信任和最大程度的访问。

Execution Layer Transformation: From EVM to RISC-V

执行层转换：从EVM到RISC-V

Ethereum’s execution model is also slated for a major update in these proposals. Proponents of the change, including Buterin, view the current Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with its 256-bit architecture as inefficient for future network demands.

以太坊的执行模型也计划在这些建议中进行重大更新。包括Buterin在内的变更的支持者，以其256位体系结构对当前的以太坊虚拟机（EVM）视为未来网络需求的效率低下。

Buterin suggests replacing the EVM with a RISC-V-based architecture or a zero-knowledge-friendly virtual machine (ZK-VM). This proposed change offers efficiency gains calculated at over 100x in specific operations and drastically reduces interpreter overhead.

Buterin建议用基于RISC-V的体系结构或零知识友好的虚拟机（ZK-VM）代替EVM。该提议的更改提供了在特定操作中以100倍超过100倍计算的效率提高，并大大减少了口译员的开销。

Crucially, existing smart contracts will remain compatible as they will be run through an on-chain RISC-V-based EVM interpreter. This mechanism preserves backward compatibility while also reducing consensus-critical code and opening up Ethereum development to mainstream programming languages.

至关重要的是，现有的智能合约将保持兼容，因为它们将通过基于链RISC-V的EVM解释器运行。这种机制保留了向后的兼容性，同时还减少了关键性代码，并将以太坊开发开发到主流编程语言。

Shared Standards: Trees, Serialization, and Erasure Codes

共享标准：树木，序列化和擦除代码

Beyond the VM, the simplification effort includes unifying Ethereum’s underlying data standards. For instance, standardizing data serialization using SSZ (Simple Serialize) and adopting a single Merkle tree format across the protocol will eliminate redundant code and boost efficiency.

除了VM之外，简化工作还包括统一以太坊的基本数据标准。例如，使用SSZ（简单序列化）标准化数据序列化并在协议上采用单个默克尔树格式将消除冗余代码并提高效率。

Similarly, utilizing one universal erasure code standard for data availability, network broadcasting, and history storage will enhance system reliability and reduce development costs.

同样，利用一个通用擦除代码标准用于数据可用性，网络广播和历史存储将增强系统的可靠性并降低开发成本。