一种新的用于水电池的干燥电极可提供阴极的碘和锂离子电池的两倍以上

阿德莱德大学的研究人员开发了一种针对锌 - 碘电池的新干电技术，避免了传统的碘混合碘。

Researchers at the University of Adelaide have developed a new dry electrode for aqueous batteries which delivers cathodes with more than double the performance of iodine and lithium-ion batteries.

阿德莱德大学的研究人员开发了一种用于水电池的新干电电极，该电池可为碘和锂离子电池的性能提供两倍以上的阴极。

The team, led by Professor Shizhang Qiao, Chair of Nanotechnology, and Director, Centre for Materials in Energy and Catalysis, at the School of Chemical Engineering, has published their results in the journal Joule.

该团队由纳米技术主席Shizhang Qiao教授兼化学工程学院能源与催化材料中心主任，已在《 Jourle》杂志上发表了结果。

Aqueous zinc–iodine batteries offer unparalleled safety, sustainability, and cost advantages for grid-scale storage, but they suffer from performance issues compared to lithium-ion batteries.

水锌 - 碘电池提供了无与伦比的安全性，可持续性和网格尺度存储的成本优势，但与锂离子电池相比，它们遭受了性能问题。

The researchers devised a simple yet effective strategy to achieve high-energy, long-life zinc–iodine batteries. They mixed active materials as dry powders and rolled them into thick, self-supporting electrodes.

研究人员制定了一种简单而有效的策略，以实现高能量，长寿命锌 - 碘电池。它们将活性材料混合为干粉，并将其卷成厚的自支撑电极。

At the same time, they added a small amount of a simple chemical, called 1,3,5-trioxane, to the electrolyte, which turns into a flexible protective film on the zinc surface during charging. This film keeps zinc from forming sharp dendrites that can short the battery.

同时，他们将少量的简单化学物质（称为1,3,5-三氧烷）添加到电解质中，该化学物质在充电过程中变成了锌表面上的柔性保护膜。这部电影可防止锌形成可以短电池的锋利的树突。

The new technique for electrode preparation resulted in record-high loading of 100 mg of active material per cm2. After charging the pouch cells that use the new electrodes, they retained 88.6 per cent of their capacity after 750 cycles and coin cells kept nearly 99.8 per cent capacity after 500 cycles.

电极制备的新技术导致每CM2的100 mg活性材料的载荷创纪录。在使用新电极的小袋电池充电后，在750个周期和硬币细胞后，它们保留了88.6％的容量，在500个周期后保持近99.8％的容量。

The researchers directly observed how the protective film forms on the zinc by using synchrotron infrared measurements.

研究人员直接观察了如何通过使用同步加速器红外测量在锌上形成保护膜。

This work paves the way for the development of next-generation metal–halogen batteries with superior performance and energy density.

这项工作为开发具有卓越性能和能量密度的下一代金属 - 腔内电池铺平了道路。

“We have developed a new electrode technique for zinc–iodine batteries that avoids traditional wet mixing of iodine,” said Professor Qiao.

Qiao教授说：“我们已经开发了一种针对锌 - 碘电池的新电极技术，该技术避免了传统的碘混合。”

“We mixed active materials as dry powders and rolled them into thick, self-supporting electrodes.

“我们将活性材料当作干粉末混合，并将其卷成浓稠的自支撑电极。

“At the same time, we added a small amount of a simple chemical, called 1,3,5-trioxane, to the electrolyte, which turns into a flexible protective film on the zinc surface during charging.

“与此同时，我们在电解质中添加了少量的简单化学物质，称为1,3,5-三氧烷，该化学物质在充电过程中变成了锌表面上的柔性保护膜。

“This film keeps zinc from forming sharp dendrites – needle-like structures that can form on the surface of the zinc anode during charging and discharging – that can short the battery.”

“这部电影可防止锌形成锋利的树突 - 在充电和排放过程中可以在锌阳极表面形成的针状结构 - 可以短。”

There are several advantages of the team’s invention over existing battery technology:

该团队发明比现有电池技术有几个优势：

* The new technology will benefit energy storage providers – especially for renewable integration and grid balancing – who will gain lower-cost, safer, long-lasting batteries.

*新技术将使储能提供商（尤其是对于可再生的集成和电网平衡）受益，他们将获得低成本，更安全，持久的电池。

* Industries needing large, stable energy banks, for example, utilities and microgrids, could adopt this technology sooner.

*需要大型，稳定的能源银行的行业，例如公用事业和微电网，可以更快地采用这项技术。

The team has plans to develop the technology further to expand its capabilities.

该团队计划进一步开发该技术以扩大其功能。

“Production of the electrodes could be scaled up by using to reel-to-reel manufacturing,” said Professor Qiao.

Qiao教授说：“可以通过使用卷到凝胶制造来扩展电极的生产。”

“By optimising lighter current collectors and reducing excess electrolyte, the overall system energy density could be doubled from around 45 watt-hours per kilogram (Wh kg−1) to around 90 Wh kg−1.

“通过优化较轻的电流收集器并减少多余的电解质，总体系统能量密度可以从每公斤约45瓦小时（WH kg-1）增加一倍，达到90 WH kg-1。

“We will also test the performance of other halogen chemistries such as bromine systems, using the same dry-process approach.”

“我们还将使用相同的干process方法测试其他卤素化学（例如溴化物系统）的性能。”

The researchers hope that their invention will lead to the development of even better and more efficient batteries in the future.

研究人员希望他们的发明将导致未来更好，更高效的电池的开发。