加密货币恐惧：单一托管人控制 47% 的比特币算力

链上分析显示，单一托管人（可能是 Cobo Custody）控制着 9 个著名比特币矿池的 Coinbase 地址，累积了总网络哈希率的 47%。这种集中引发了人们对中心化、安全风险以及矿池之间托管去中心化透明度需求的担忧。

Centralization Concerns Emerge as Single Custodian Controls Nearly Half of Bitcoin's Hash Rate

由于单一托管人控制了近一半的比特币哈希率，集中化担忧浮现

In a groundbreaking discovery that has sent shockwaves through the cryptocurrency community, on-chain analysis has revealed the existence of a single anonymous custodian, believed to be Cobo Custody, that wields immense power within the Bitcoin network. This custodian has emerged as the central hub for Coinbase addresses associated with at least nine major mining pools, collectively contributing a staggering 47% of the network's total hash rate.

这一突破性的发现震惊了加密货币社区，链上分析揭示了一个匿名托管人的存在，据信是 Cobo Custody，该托管人在比特币网络中拥有巨大的权力。该托管机构已成为与至少九个主要矿池相关的 Coinbase 地址的中心枢纽，这些地址总共贡献了网络总哈希率的惊人 47%。

The implication of this revelation is profound. For every 100 freshly minted Bitcoins, an alarming 47 are channeled through this single custodian. Such concentrated control in the hands of one entity has raised grave concerns about the potential risks and vulnerabilities that arise from the lack of transparency and decentralization among mining pool custodians.

这一启示的意义是深远的。每 100 个新铸造的比特币中，就有 47 个通过这个单一托管人进行管理，这一数字令人震惊。这种集中控制权集中在一个实体手中的做法引发了人们对矿池托管人缺乏透明度和去中心化所带来的潜在风险和脆弱性的严重担忧。

Over-Reliance on a Single Custodian by Bitcoin Mining Pools

比特币矿池过度依赖单一托管人

The investigative findings have identified prominent Bitcoin mining pools such as AntPool, F2Pool, Binance Pool, Braiins, btccom, SECPOOL, and Poolin as being heavily reliant on the aforementioned custodian for their Coinbase transactions. Furthermore, ULTIMUSPOOL and 1THash's Coinbase addresses are reportedly under the control of the same entity.

调查结果发现，AntPool、F2Pool、Binance Pool、Braiins、btccom、SECPOOL 和 Poolin 等著名比特币矿池的 Coinbase 交易严重依赖上述托管机构。此外，据报道 ULTIMUSPOOL 和 1THash 的 Coinbase 地址处于同一实体的控制之下。

Notably, Luxor Technologies, a prominent mining pool, previously utilized the same custodian but subsequently modified its operations after acknowledging the dependency.

值得注意的是，著名矿池 Luxor Technologies 此前曾使用同一托管人，但在承认这种依赖性后随后修改了其运营方式。

Coinbase Addresses and Their Significance

Coinbase 地址及其意义

A Coinbase address is a unique address associated with a mining pool. Whenever a mining pool successfully validates a block of transactions every 10 minutes, it is awarded with 6.25 BTC under the current epoch. These coins are subsequently transferred to the pool's Coinbase address.

Coinbase 地址是与矿池关联的唯一地址。每当矿池每 10 分钟成功验证一个交易块时，就会在当前时期奖励 6.25 BTC。这些代币随后被转移到矿池的 Coinbase 地址。

Centralization Risks and Security Concerns

中心化风险和安全问题

This consolidation of control over Coinbase addresses has raised serious concerns about the potential centralization of Bitcoin's coin storage. While Bitcoin operates on a decentralized network of miners, no single entity should exert dominance over 50% of the total hash rate.

这种对 Coinbase 地址控制权的整合引发了人们对比特币代币存储潜在集中化的严重担忧。虽然比特币在分散的矿工网络上运行，但任何单一实体都不应占据总哈希率 50% 以上的主导地位。

The hash rate, a measure of the computational power dedicated to the network, plays a crucial role in ensuring its robustness against malicious activities. According to YCharts, the Bitcoin network currently maintains a hash rate of 603 EH/s.

哈希率是衡量网络专用计算能力的指标，在​​确保其针对恶意活动的鲁棒性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。根据 YCharts 的数据，比特币网络目前的哈希率保持在 603 EH/s。

Recent research has highlighted the potential security risks associated with the concentration of nearly half of all newly minted BTC under the control of a single entity. Should this custodian be compromised, the affected mining pools could suffer substantial losses, jeopardizing the overall security and stability of the network.

最近的研究强调了与近一半新铸造的 BTC 集中在单一实体控制下相关的潜在安全风险。如果该托管人受到损害，受影响的矿池可能会遭受重大损失，从而危及网络的整体安全性和稳定性。

Transaction Accelerators and Centralization

交易加速器和集中化

In addition to relying on a single custodian for their Coinbase transactions, the study also discovered that the nine mining pools provide a hash rate for AntPool's transaction accelerator service. The custodian is reportedly a frequent user of AntPool and ViaBTC's transaction acceleration services for facilitating large-scale withdrawals.

除了依赖单一托管人进行 Coinbase 交易外，研究还发现这九个矿池为 AntPool 的交易加速器服务提供了哈希率。据报道，该托管人经常使用 AntPool 和 ViaBTC 的交易加速服务，以促进大规模提现。

Transaction accelerators are typically employed to expedite the confirmation of specific transactions. While this convenience is particularly beneficial during periods of network congestion, it carries the risk of centralizing control over transaction processing.

交易加速器通常用于加速特定交易的确认。虽然这种便利在网络拥塞期间特别有用，但它带来了对交易处理进行集中控制的风险。

Conclusion

结论

The revelation of a single custodian controlling a significant portion of the Bitcoin network has sparked urgent calls for increased transparency and decentralization among mining pool custodians. The concentration of power in one entity poses a potential threat to the network's security and undermines the fundamental principles of decentralization that underpin Bitcoin's design. As the cryptocurrency industry continues to evolve, addressing these concerns and ensuring a more balanced distribution of control will be paramount to safeguarding the long-term stability and resilience of the Bitcoin network.

单一托管人控制比特币网络很大一部分的消息引发了人们对矿池托管人提高透明度和去中心化的紧急呼吁。权力集中于一个实体对网络安全构成潜在威胁，并破坏支撑比特币设计的去中心化基本原则。随着加密货币行业的不断发展，解决这些问题并确保更平衡的控制权分配对于维护比特币网络的长期稳定性和弹性至关重要。