空投最佳实践：奖励和留住加密协议贡献者

空投是加密生态系统的基石，奖励早期采用者并维持网络参与度。尽管空投设计各不相同，但从构建者的角度来看，出现了五种顶级实践。其中包括分配足够的代币、指定较长的索赔窗口、提供多阶段空投、实施反女巫机制以及根据发生的风险分配代币。这些做法提高了用户满意度，培养社区信任，并确保加密协议的长期成功。

Airdrop Best Practices for Rewarding and Retaining Crypto Protocol Contributors

奖励和留住加密协议贡献者的空投最佳实践

Introduction

介绍

Airdrops have emerged as a cornerstone strategy within the crypto ecosystem, serving as a means to reward and foster a dedicated community of early adopters. Over the past five months, numerous crypto projects have undertaken airdrops with varying degrees of success, including Jito, Jupiter, Kamino, Parcl, Wormhole, Mode, Starknet, EigenLayer, Renzo, and EtherFi. However, these protocols have encountered a common challenge: identifying genuine users who actively contribute to the network and allocating rewards accordingly.

空投已成为加密生态系统中的基石策略，作为奖励和培养早期采用者的专门社区的一种手段。在过去的五个月里，众多加密货币项目进行了空投，并取得了不同程度的成功，包括 Jito、Jupiter、Kamino、Parcl、Wormhole、Mode、Starknet、EigenLayer、Renzo 和 EtherFi。然而，这些协议遇到了一个共同的挑战：识别积极为网络做出贡献的真实用户并相应地分配奖励。

Best Practices for Effective Airdrops

有效空投的最佳实践

In light of the challenges faced, protocols have developed different airdrop designs to align with their specific services. To address this issue effectively, builders, founders, and protocol team members have identified five key airdrop practices:

鉴于所面临的挑战，协议开发了不同的空投设计以适应其特定服务。为了有效解决这个问题，构建者、创始人和协议团队成员确定了五种关键的空投做法：

1. Sufficient Allocations to Users

1. 给用户充足的分配

Ensuring that airdrop allocations meet a minimum threshold is crucial for user satisfaction. According to Mike Silgadaze, CEO of EtherFi, a restaking protocol, setting a sufficient allocation threshold can prevent the disappointment experienced by recipients of meager token amounts. Silgadaze recommends a minimum allocation that converts to a substantial monetary value, citing Jito's airdrop of 4,941 JTO tokens, which was valued at approximately $9,000 at the time of distribution and has since appreciated to $22,500. Similarly, Uniswap's airdrop of 400 UNI, worth $1,376 at the time, exemplifies this practice.

确保空投分配达到最低阈值对于用户满意度至关重要。重新抵押协议 EtherFi 的首席执行官 Mike Silgadaze 表示，设置足够的分配阈值可以防止微薄代币金额的接收者感到失望。 Silgadaze 建议将最低分配转换为可观的货币价值，并引用了 Jito 空投的 4,941 个 JTO 代币，这些代币在分配时的价值约为 9,000 美元，此后已升值至 22,500 美元。同样，Uniswap 空投 400 UNI，当时价值 1,376 美元，就是这种做法的例证。

2. Extended Claim Windows

2. 延长索赔窗口

Providing a generous claim window allows users ample time to claim their airdropped tokens. Drift's claim window spans three months, from May 16 to Aug. 16, while StarkNet and EigenLayer's claim windows extend over four months. Jito's claim window remains open from December 2023 to June 7, 2025, giving users ample opportunity to claim their tokens. Silgadaze emphasizes that overly short claim windows can disadvantage eligible users who may fail to notice or act upon the airdrop within the specified timeframe.

提供宽松的领取窗口，让用户有充足的时间领取空投代币。 Drift 的索赔窗口从 5 月 16 日到 8 月 16 日长达三个月，而 StarkNet 和 EigenLayer 的索赔窗口则延长了四个多月。 Jito 的领取窗口从 2023 年 12 月到 2025 年 6 月 7 日保持开放，为用户提供充足的机会领取他们的代币。 Silgadaze 强调，过短的领取窗口可能会对符合资格的用户不利，他们可能无法在指定的时间内注意到空投或采取行动。

3. Multi-Phase Airdrops

3. 多阶段空投

Implementing multiple rounds of airdrop allocations has proven effective in rewarding users who contribute consistently to the network's growth. Optimism, a Layer 2 blockchain network with a total value locked of $801 million, has successfully conducted multiple airdrops. Its first airdrop occurred in May 2022, followed by subsequent airdrops in February 2023 and September 2023, with a fourth airdrop scheduled for February 2024. Kevin Liu, co-founder of ZKM, commends Optimism's approach, allowing users to evaluate their contributions based on previous airdrop allocations and adjust their participation accordingly.

事实证明，实施多轮空投分配可以有效奖励为网络发展做出持续贡献的用户。锁定总价值8.01亿美元的二层区块链网络Optimism已成功进行多次空投。其第一次空投发生在 2022 年 5 月，随后于 2023 年 2 月和 2023 年 9 月进行了后续空投，第四次空投计划于 2024 年 2 月进行。ZKM 联合创始人 Kevin Liu 赞扬了 Optimism 的方法，允许用户根据之前的贡献来评估自己的贡献空投分配并相应调整其参与。

4. Anti-Sybil Mechanisms

4. 反女巫机制

To prevent malicious actors from exploiting airdrops, robust anti-sybil mechanisms are essential. Sybil attacks involve using multiple identities and wallet addresses to gain an unfair advantage, potentially receiving a disproportionate share of the airdrop allocation. This undermines community trust and the intended distribution of tokens. Several protocols have enacted anti-sybil measures, including Parcl, LayerZero, and Hop. Hop incentivized community members to report Sybil addresses, offering additional tokens as a reward. Parcl conducted a Sybil analysis to remove users who exploited the point system excessively, while LayerZero is currently conducting a Sybil analysis for its upcoming airdrop.

为了防止恶意行为者利用空投，强大的反女巫机制至关重要。女巫攻击涉及使用多个身份和钱包地址来获得不公平的优势，可能会获得不成比例的空投分配份额。这破坏了社区信任和代币的预期分配。一些协议已经制定了反女巫措施，包括 Parcl、LayerZero 和 Hop。鼓励社区成员报告 Sybil 地址，提供额外的代币作为奖励。 Parcl 进行了 Sybil 分析，以删除过度利用积分系统的用户，而 LayerZero 目前正在为其即将推出的空投进行 Sybil 分析。

5. Risk-Based Allocation

5. 基于风险的配置

Tailoring airdrop allocations based on the risk incurred by users is another effective practice. Andrew Van Aken, a data scientist at Artemis, recommends allocating a larger proportion of tokens to users who engage in higher-risk activities, such as depositing assets into less established smart contracts. By acknowledging the increased risk undertaken by these users, protocols can foster a sense of fairness and long-term sustainability within their community.

根据用户所承受的风险来定制空投分配是另一种有效的做法。 Artemis 的数据科学家 Andrew Van Aken 建议将更大比例的代币分配给从事高风险活动的用户，例如将资产存入不太成熟的智能合约。通过承认这些用户承担的风险增加，协议可以在社区内培养公平感和长期可持续性。

Conclusion

结论

Airdrops remain a vital tool for crypto protocols to reward early adopters and incentivize continued engagement. By adhering to these five best practices, protocols can ensure that their airdrops are effective in attracting and retaining a dedicated community of contributors. Sufficient allocations, extended claim windows, multi-phase airdrops, robust anti-sybil mechanisms, and risk-based allocation strategies are essential elements for successful airdrop initiatives.

空投仍然是加密协议奖励早期采用者并激励持续参与的重要工具。通过遵循这五种最佳实践，协议可以确保其空投能够有效吸引和留住专门的贡献者社区。充足的分配、延长的索赔窗口、多阶段空投、强大的反女巫机制和基于风险的分配策略是成功空投计划的基本要素。