殭屍區塊鏈：加密世界中持久的幽靈

加密貨幣市場可能正在蓬勃發展，但在 240 萬個代幣和 2.4 兆美元的市值中，《富比士》揭示了一個令人擔憂的趨勢：「殭屍區塊鏈」。這 20 種加密貨幣，包括 XRP、卡爾達諾、萊特幣、比特幣現金和以太坊經典，儘管缺乏實際效用或採用，但仍保持著可觀的估值。這些代幣的特點是持續的商業活動而沒有實際應用，由於投機交易和種子資金而持續存在，而不是實現其預期目標，引發了人們對區塊鏈行業健康和生存能力的擔憂。

Zombie Blockchains: A Persistent Presence in the Cryptocurrency Landscape

殭屍區塊鏈：加密貨幣領域的持續存在

The world of cryptocurrency, with its ever-evolving landscape and vast array of digital assets, has garnered considerable attention. However, amidst the hype surrounding this burgeoning field, a peculiar phenomenon has emerged: the persistence of "zombie blockchains." These cryptocurrencies, despite lacking significant utility or widespread adoption, maintain substantial market valuations, raising concerns about the underlying foundations of the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

加密貨幣世界以其不斷發展的格局和大量的數位資產，引起了相當多的關注。然而，在圍繞這個新興領域的炒作中，出現了一個奇特的現象：「殭屍區塊鏈」的持續存在。儘管這些加密貨幣缺乏顯著的效用或廣泛採用，但仍保持著可觀的市場估值，引發了人們對加密貨幣生態系統底層基礎的擔憂。

A recent report by Forbes has identified a cohort of 20 cryptocurrencies that fall within the category of "zombie blockchains." These cryptocurrencies, including prominent names such as XRP, Cardano (ADA), Litecoin (LTC), Bitcoin Cash (BCH), and Ethereum Classic (ETC), have sustained commercial activity and market presence without demonstrating practical applications.

福布斯最近的一份報告確定了 20 種加密貨幣屬於「殭屍區塊鏈」類別。這些加密貨幣，包括XRP、卡爾達諾(ADA)、萊特幣(LTC)、比特幣現金(BCH) 和以太坊經典(ETC) 等知名貨幣，雖然沒有展示實際應用，但已經持續了商業活動和市場存在。

The term "zombie blockchain" aptly captures the paradoxical nature of these projects. They exist without showing signs of life in terms of utility or substantial user bases. Despite their lack of practical use, these tokens persist due to speculative trading and significant seed funding, rather than achieving their intended goals.

「殭屍區塊鏈」一詞恰如其分地體現了這些項目的矛盾本質。它們的存在並沒有在實用性或大量使用者基礎方面顯示出生命力的跡象。儘管缺乏實際用途，但由於投機交易和大量種子資金，這些代幣仍然存在，而不是實現其預期目標。

The case of Ripple's XRP exemplifies the challenges faced by zombie blockchains. Created to compete with the SWIFT banking network by enabling fast and cheap international transfers, XRP has not been able to disrupt SWIFT and relies heavily on speculative trading for its market value.

Ripple 的 XRP 案例體現了殭屍區塊鏈所面臨的挑戰。 XRP 的創建目的是透過實現快速、廉價的國際轉帳來與 SWIFT 銀行網路競爭，但它未能擾亂 SWIFT，並且其市場價值嚴重依賴投機交易。

Similarly, hard forks such as Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, Bitcoin SV, and Ethereum Classic maintain high ratings but are underutilized, serving mostly for speculative investments rather than practical applications. Their resilience is attributed to liquidity, with trading activity keeping them afloat.

同樣，萊特幣、比特幣現金、比特幣 SV 和以太坊經典等硬分叉保持較高的評級，但未充分利用，主要用於投機投資而不是實際應用。它們的彈性歸因於流動性，交易活動使它們得以維持下去。

However, the persistence of zombie blockchains raises questions about the underlying health of the cryptocurrency ecosystem. Critics argue that these projects lack fundamental value and their market valuations are inflated by speculative activity. This creates a distorted market environment where the price of a cryptocurrency is not necessarily reflective of its underlying utility or potential.

然而，殭屍區塊鏈的持續存在引發了人們對加密貨幣生態系統潛在健康狀況的質疑。批評者認為，這些項目缺乏基本價值，其市場估值因投機活動而被誇大。這造成了一個扭曲的市場環境，其中加密貨幣的價格不一定反映其潛在的效用或潛力。

The Forbes report also highlights governance and financial accountability issues within these blockchain projects. Unlike traditional companies, which operate under regulatory oversight and obligations to shareholders, zombie blockchains often lack such mechanisms. This lack of oversight complicates efforts to assess their viability or financial health, as seen in cases like Ethereum Classic, which continues to trade actively despite significant security breaches.

福布斯報告也強調了這些區塊鏈項目中的治理和財務問責問題。與在監管監督和對股東承擔義務的傳統公司不同，殭屍區塊鏈通常缺乏這樣的機制。缺乏監督使得評估其生存能力或財務健康狀況的努力變得複雜，正如以太坊經典這樣的案例所示，儘管存在重大安全漏洞，但以太坊經典仍繼續活躍交易。

The emergence of zombie blockchains poses challenges to the growth and maturity of the cryptocurrency ecosystem. It undermines the credibility of the industry and discourages genuine innovation by diverting resources away from projects with real-world applications. Regulators and policymakers are beginning to take notice, and it is likely that the issue of zombie blockchains will come under increasing scrutiny in the future.

殭屍區塊鏈的出現對加密貨幣生態系統的成長和成熟提出了挑戰。它透過將資源從具有實際應用的項目上轉移出來，損害了行業的可信度並阻礙了真正的創新。監管機構和政策制定者已經開始注意到，殭屍區塊鏈問題未來可能會受到越來越嚴格的審查。

In conclusion, zombie blockchains represent a persistent phenomenon in the cryptocurrency landscape, raising concerns about the underlying foundations of the industry. Their lack of utility, speculative nature, and governance issues highlight the need for a more rigorous approach to assessing the value and viability of blockchain projects. As the cryptocurrency ecosystem evolves, it is crucial to separate hype from substance and encourage the development of projects that contribute tangible value to the world.

總之，殭屍區塊鏈代表了加密貨幣領域的持續現象，引發了人們對該產業底層基礎的擔憂。它們缺乏實用性、投機性和治理問題突顯出需要採取更嚴格的方法來評估區塊鏈項目的價值和可行性。隨著加密貨幣生態系統的發展，將炒作與實質分開並鼓勵開發為世界貢獻有形價值的項目至關重要。