Tezos X 探討了智慧匯總這一區塊鏈領域最有趣的新興技術之一

在本文中，我們探討了 Tezos 上的智慧匯總主題，這是區塊鏈領域最有趣的新興技術之一。

Tezos, a layer-1 blockchain renowned for its modular architecture, has introduced Smart Rollups, a game-changer for scalable and efficient blockchain solutions. Here are the key points for what's being touted as a crucial development.

Tezos 是一個以其模組化架構而聞名的第 1 層區塊鏈，它推出了 Smart Rollups，這是一個可擴展且高效的區塊鏈解決方案的遊戲規則改變者。以下是被稱為關鍵發展的要點。

Smart Rollups are an L2 scaling solution for Tezos that operates on the security of the layer-1, enabling a significant increase in the processing capacity for advanced transactions on the chain.

Smart Rollups 是 Tezos 的 L2 擴展解決方案，它在第一層的安全性上運行，能夠顯著提高鏈上高級交易的處理能力。

They take their name from the rollups of Ethereum, which aggregate transactions in batch by performing the off-chain computation and increasing the availability of blockspace.

它們的名字來自以太坊的匯總，透過執行鏈外計算和增加區塊空間的可用性來批量聚合交易。

Their task is to move the calculation work from L1 to a dedicated infrastructure, greatly reducing the cost of transaction verification. The Smart Rollups contribute to improving the Tezos ecosystem.

他們的任務是將運算工作從L1轉移到專用基礎設施上，大幅降低交易驗證的成本。智慧匯總有助於改善 Tezos 生態系統。

Making it more economical and consequently more attractive to users and developers. Think that precisely thanks to this technology, the Tezos team has reached 1 million “theoretical” transactions per second (TP/S) on their network.

使其更加經濟，對使用者和開發人員更具吸引力。想想看，正是因為這項技術，Tezos 團隊在其網路上達到了每秒 100 萬筆「理論」交易（TP/S）。

Generally, Ethereum rollups are distinguished into optimistic and zero knowledge: those of Tezos are optimistic rollups. It means that the calculations performed by these infrastructures are considered valid if they are not disputed within a certain period (about 14 days).

一般來說，以太坊的 rollups 分為樂觀的 rollups 和零知識的 rollups：Tezos 的 rollups 是樂觀的 rollups。這意味著這些基礎設施執行的計算如果在一定期限內（大約14天）沒有爭議，則被認為是有效的。

The term optimistic derives from the fact that it is assumed that in these the off-chain transactions are valid and do not need to publish the validity proofs for each batch of transactions

樂觀一詞源自於這樣的事實：假設這些鏈下交易是有效的，並且不需要發布每批交易的有效性證明

The users themselves are responsible for verifying whether the commitments of the Smar Rollup are valid or not, and they must publish a fraud proof to contest them.

用戶自己負責驗證 Smar Rollup 的承諾是否有效，並且必須發布欺詐證明以對其提出質疑。

If the fraud is confirmed, the challenger receives a reward and the fraudulent party loses the tokens previously staked.In other words, all transactions are valid by default unless proven otherwise. Only one honest node is needed to ensure the validity of the state of an optimistic rollup.

如果詐欺行為被證實，挑戰者將獲得獎勵，而詐欺方將失去先前質押的代幣。只需要一個誠實節點即可確保樂觀​​匯總狀態的有效性。

The smart Rollup di Tezos sono considerati come agenti “sanciti” del network, ossia cittadini di prima classe integrati perfettamente con il protocollo. Fanno parte in modo nativo del “Consensus Layer” di Tezos

Tezos 智能 Rollup 被視為網路的「認可」代理，也就是與協定完美整合的一等公民。它們本質上是 Tezos「共識層」的一部分。

This also means that the Tezos L1 can provide a common and open infrastructure for all rollups, such as the message inbox and the logic for the refutation games.

這也意味著Tezos L1可以為所有rollup提供通用且開放的基礎設施，例如訊息收件匣和反駁遊戲的邏輯。

This composability factor allows developers to implement and execute Smart Rollups in record time. It is a significant advantage as it also ensures the security of the main layer.

這種可組合性因素使開發人員能夠在創紀錄的時間內實現和執行智慧匯總。這是一個顯著的優勢，因為它也確保了主層的安全性。

It is a much simpler and safer approach than recreating the entire infrastructure every time with smart contracts. The governance of these L2 networks is once again entrusted to the community vote.

與每次使用智慧合約重新建立整個基礎架構相比，這是一種更簡單、更安全的方法。這些L2網路的治理再次委託社區投票。

It is also interesting to note that Smart Rollups can be public or private.

值得注意的是，智慧匯總可以是公共的，也可以是私有的。

Public rollups are permissionless, which means that anyone can be an operator and help verify the security of the rollup state.

公共匯總總是無需許可的，這意味著任何人都可以成為操作員並幫助驗證匯總狀態的安全性。

Private ones, on the other hand, are permissioned, meaning that the creator can limit the number of operators who can verify the network.

另一方面，私有網路是經過許可的，這意味著創建者可以限制可以驗證網路的營運商的數量。

This function is useful when it becomes extremely crucial to protect the state of the Rollup. Any user who decides to create a rollup on Tezos can decide with what characteristics to launch the infrastructure based on their own needs

當保護 Rollup 的狀態變得極為重要時，此功能非常有用。任何決定在 Tezos 上建立匯總的用戶都可以根據自己的需求決定啟動基礎設施的特徵

Finally, we remind you that a few months ago Tezos introduced the Data Availability Layer for its mainnet. It is a mechanism that facilitates the publication of rollup data on layer-1, supported by the wide range of nodes already in operation.

最後，我們提醒您，幾個月前 Tezos 為其主網引入了資料可用性層。它是一種促進在第 1 層發布匯總資料的機制，並得到已運行的廣泛節點的支援。