美國參議院延長有爭議的監控法，引發對加密產業的擔憂

美國參議院通過了第 702 條監控法案，允許政府在沒有搜索令的情況下從美國公司收集數據。這可能會對加密行業產生重大影響，因為它可能會導致對加密公司的監管審查和合規要求加強。隱私權倡導者擔心第 702 條可能會被用來針對加密貨幣用戶並破壞該行業的匿名性。

The United States Senate has reauthorized Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), a controversial surveillance legislation that allows the US government to collect, use, and disseminate data held by US companies without a warrant.

美國參議院重新批准了《外國情報監視法》(FISA) 第 702 條，這是一項有爭議的監視立法，允許美國政府在沒有授權的情況下收集、使用和傳播美國公司持有的數據。

This sweeping surveillance authority has raised concerns among civil liberties advocates and the cryptocurrency industry, which is often targeted by regulatory scrutiny.

這種全面的監督機構引起了公民自由倡導者和加密貨幣行業的擔憂，加密貨幣行業經常成為監管審查的目標。

Section 702, first introduced as a counterterrorism measure, has been criticized for its overly broad powers and potential for abuse. Critics argue that the legislation allows for "incidental" data collection on US citizens and could erode privacy protections worldwide.

第 702 條最初是作為一項反恐措施推出的，但因其權力過於廣泛和可能被濫用而受到批評。批評者認為，該立法允許「偶然」收集美國公民的數據，可能削弱全球範圍內的隱私保護。

Despite these concerns, the Senate voted 60-34 to reauthorize Section 702 for an additional two years. The bill now awaits President Joe Biden's signature, who has expressed support for the legislation's national security benefits.

儘管有這些擔憂，參議院還是以 60 比 34 的投票結果重新授權第 702 條的有效期為兩年。該法案現在等待總統拜登簽署，他已表示支持該立法的國家安全利益。

Implications for Cryptocurrency Users

對加密貨幣用戶的影響

Section 702's expansive powers have significant implications for cryptocurrency users. Cryptocurrencies, known for their anonymity and decentralization, could come under increased scrutiny from the government.

第 702 條的廣泛權力對加密貨幣用戶有重大影響。以其匿名性和去中心化而聞名的加密貨幣可能會受到政府更嚴格的審查。

Senator Ron Wyden, a vocal critic of Section 702, has warned that the legislation could lead to a "dramatic and terrifying expansion of government surveillance authority." Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin has echoed these concerns, highlighting the threat Section 702 poses to the crypto industry's commitment to privacy and freedom.

參議員羅恩·懷登 (Ron Wyden) 是第 702 條的直言不諱的批評者，他警告說，這項立法可能會導致「政府監控權力的戲劇性和可怕的擴張」。以太坊創辦人 Vitalik Buterin 也表達了這些擔憂，強調了第 702 條對加密產業對隱私和自由的承諾構成的威脅。

Potential Consequences for the Crypto Industry

對加密產業的潛在影響

The renewal of Section 702 could trigger increased regulatory scrutiny of the cryptocurrency industry. Government agencies such as the SEC, CFTC, and DOJ could intensify their crackdowns on crypto businesses, including decentralized exchanges, to ensure compliance with surveillance and data collection requirements.

第 702 條的更新可能會引發對加密貨幣產業的更嚴格的監管審查。美國證券交易委員會、美國商品期貨交易委員會和司法部等政府機構可以加強對加密貨幣業務（包括去中心化交易所）的打擊力度，以確保遵守監控和資料收集要求。

Crypto companies may face additional compliance burdens and reporting obligations, potentially leading to heightened KYC (Know Your Customer) and AML (Anti-Money Laundering) measures. This could stifle innovation and hamper the growth of the crypto industry.

加密貨幣公司可能面臨額外的合規負擔和報告義務，可能導致 KYC（了解您的客戶）和 AML（反洗錢）措施的加強。這可能會扼殺創新並阻礙​​加密產業的發展。

Senator Warren's Dissent

沃倫參議員的反對意見

Senator Elizabeth Warren, a known crypto skeptic, voted against the reauthorization of Section 702. However, she advocated for the bill's surveillance measures to be used to target users within the crypto industry.

眾所周知的加密貨幣懷疑論者參議員伊麗莎白沃倫 (Elizabeth Warren) 投票反對重新授權第 702 條。

Warren's stance reflects growing concerns about the potential use of cryptocurrencies for illicit activities, such as terrorism financing. However, critics argue that Section 702's broad powers could lead to unwarranted surveillance of law-abiding citizens.

華倫的立場反映出人們對加密貨幣可能用於恐怖主義融資等非法活動的日益擔憂。然而，批評者認為，第 702 條的廣泛權力可能會導致對守法公民的無理監視。

FBI's Improper Searches

FBI 的不當搜查

Concerns over Section 702's potential for abuse have been exacerbated by recent revelations that the FBI conducted over 278,000 improper searches for information in a US intelligence database during 2020 and early 2021.

最近有消息稱，FBI 在 2020 年和 2021 年初對美國情報資料庫中的信息進行了超過 278,000 次不當搜索，這加劇了人們對第 702 條可能被濫用的擔憂。

These searches included individuals involved in the January 6 Capitol riot and the 2020 protests following the murder of George Floyd. The revelation has raised questions about the accountability and oversight of government surveillance programs.

這些搜查包括參與 1 月 6 日國會大廈騷亂和 2020 年喬治·弗洛伊德被謀殺後抗議活動的個人。這項揭露引發了人們對政府監控計畫的問責和監督的質疑。

Balancing National Security and Privacy

平衡國家安全和隱私

The reauthorization of Section 702 has sparked a debate over the balance between national security and privacy. While the government argues that the legislation is necessary to combat terrorism and other threats, critics contend that it grants the government excessive control over people's lives without adequate safeguards.

702條款的重新授權引發了關於國家安全和隱私之間平衡的爭論。雖然政府認為該立法對於打擊恐怖主義和其他威脅是必要的，但批評者認為，該立法賦予政府對人民生活的過度控制權，而沒有足夠的保障措施。

The cryptocurrency industry is particularly vulnerable to the potential abuses of Section 702 due to its reliance on anonymity and decentralization. The reauthorization of the legislation could have far-reaching implications for the future of cryptocurrencies and the privacy of individuals worldwide.

由於加密貨幣產業依賴匿名性和去中心化，因此特別容易受到第 702 條潛在濫用的影響。該立法的重新授權可能會對加密貨幣的未來和全世界個人的隱私產生深遠的影響。