神經形態計算機可以將區塊鏈帶到火星

神經形態計算機旨在使用即時模式識別來解決資料密集型問題。從本質上講，它們是為了模仿人類大腦而建構的。

There are currently no ATMs on Mars. In fact, the red planet has no infrastructure to support financial transactions. This poses a significant challenge for future colonists who want to order pizza using Bitcoin ( BTC ) or trade apes with fellow non-fungible token (NFT) enthusiasts on Earth.

目前火星上沒有自動櫃員機。事實上，這顆紅色星球並沒有支援金融交易的基礎設施。這對於想要使用比特幣（BTC）訂購披薩或與地球上的不可替代代幣（NFT）愛好者進行猿類交易的未來殖民者來說是一個重大挑戰。

The solution to this problem may have arrived in the form of recent research in the field of neuromorphic computing.

這個問題的解決方案可能已經以神經形態計算領域的最新研究形式出現。

Traditional extraterrestrial communication is a complex, energy-intensive process that incurs minutes-long delays under the best of circumstances. As future colonists travel to Mars, their ship’s computers will quickly lose the ability to communicate with Earthbound computers and servers in real time.

傳統的地外通訊是一個複雜的、能源密集的過程，在最好的情況下也會導致長達數分鐘的延遲。當未來的殖民者前往火星時，他們船上的電腦很快就會失去與地球上的電腦和伺服器即時通訊的能力。

Once the colonists reach Mars, their communication systems will experience delays of up to approximately 22 minutes, depending on the planet’s position relative to Earth at the time, in both sending and receiving data.

一旦殖民者到達火星，他們的通訊系統在發送和接收資料時將經歷長達約 22 分鐘的延遲，這取決於當時行星相對於地球的位置。

While 44 minutes might not sound like that big of a deal, there are also the issues of signal degradation, radiation interference, and data corruption to deal with.

雖然 44 分鐘聽起來似乎沒什麼大不了的，但還需要處理訊號衰減、輻射干擾和資料損壞的問題。

Neuromorphic computing

神經形態計算

Back on Earth, the technology world runs on cloud computing. Nearly every networked machine, from the billions of iPhones in use to the most powerful supercomputers, utilizes some form of remote data processing or compute.

回到地球，科技世界運行在雲端運算。幾乎每台連網機器，從數十億台 iPhone 到最強大的超級計算機，都利用某種形式的遠端資料處理或計算。

Neuromorphic computers are designed to solve data-intensive problems using real-time pattern recognition. Essentially, they’re built to mimic the human brain. They use a system of neurons that process data in memory rather than with a traditional CPU, making them extremely low-latency devices.

神經形態計算機旨在使用即時模式識別來解決資料密集型問題。從本質上講，它們是為了模仿人類大腦而建構的。它們使用神經元系統來處理記憶體中的數據，而不是使用傳統的 CPU，這使得它們成為延遲極低的設備。

Related: New research shows how brain-like computers could revolutionize blockchain and AI

相關：新研究顯示類腦計算機如何徹底改變區塊鏈和人工智慧

This makes neuromorphic computer chips a perfect fit for situations where real-time data analysis has to happen at the edge — meaning, using the hardware on the device itself — in places such as deep-sea research facilities, outer space, and other planets.

這使得神經形態電腦晶片非常適合必須在深海研究設施、外太空和其他行星等地方的邊緣（即使用設備本身的硬體）進行即時數據分析的情況。

Unlocking insurance as a liquid asset class: X Spaces recap with Nayms

將保險解鎖為流動資產類別：Nayms 的 X Spaces 回顧

Long seen as an illiquid asset, insurance is being transformed by blockchain. A blockchain-based platform created a reinsurance marketplace to encourage accessibility and transparency.

保險業長期以來被視為非流動性資產，但區塊鏈正在改變保險業。基於區塊鏈的平台創建了一個再保險市場，以鼓勵可訪問性和透明度。

Blockchain, as a versatile technology, is increasingly deployed in the insurance space. In fact, the global blockchain insurance industry is expected to grow to a size of $32.9 billion by 2031.

區塊鏈作為一種多功能技術，越來越多地部署在保險領域。事實上，到 2031 年，全球區塊鏈保險業的規模預計將成長到 329 億美元。

“The capital markets, especially the digital markets, now have access to the very uncorrelated asset class of insurance. They’ve got tokenized treasury bills, money market funds and private credit,” said Dan Roberts, co-founder and CEO of Nayms, when discussing blockchain-based insurance and his project during a recent Cointelegraph X Spaces. “The space has tokenized reinsurance to back as a very stable yielding product to put that capital to work. Bull market or bear market, it’s a very mature asset class that’s available now.”

「資本市場，尤其是數位市場，現在可以接觸到保險這種非常不相關的資產類別。他們擁有代幣化的國庫券、貨幣市場基金和私人信貸。 「該領域已將再保險代幣化，作為一種非常穩定的收益產品來支持，使資本發揮作用。無論是牛市還是熊市，它都是一個非常成熟的資產類別，現在就可以使用。

✈️ Ever had a flight canceled and spent days battling the airline for a refund? It’s a nightmare! What if you had blockchain insurance instead? pic.twitter.com/WzMOmf9ro9

✈️ 曾經有過航班取消並花了幾天時間與航空公司爭取退款的經驗嗎？這是一場惡夢！如果您有區塊鏈保險怎麼辦？ pic.twitter.com/WzMOmf9ro9

Unfortunately, one of the most promising types of neuromorphic computer chips, called self-compliant chips, uses materials that can be unpredictable from one device to the next. Despite their great promise, this flaw meant that sometimes these particular chips would dump their data unpredictably.

不幸的是，最有前途的神經形態電腦晶片類型之一（稱為自兼容晶片）使用的材料從一個設備到下一個設備都是不可預測的。儘管它們有著巨大的前景，但這個缺陷意味著有時這些特定的晶片會不可預測地轉儲資料。

Self-compliant neuromorphic computer chip architecture. Source: Kim et al., 2024.

自相容神經形態計算機晶片架構。資料來源：Kim 等人，2024 年。

A team of researchers in South Korea recently had a breakthrough in the development of these chips and, according to their research, have overcome this limitation. With further development, their neuromorphic computing chip architecture could lay the foundations for a revolution in edge computing.

韓國的一個研究團隊最近在這些晶​​片的開發上取得了突破，根據他們的研究，已經克服了這個限制。隨著進一步的發展，他們的神經形態運算晶片架構可以為邊緣運算的革命奠定基礎。

Blockchain on Mars

火星上的區塊鏈

Conducting a blockchain transaction on Earth is a relatively simple process for end-users, but the technology underpinning it, decentralized computing, requires multiple nodes working in concert. Most modern computers are capable of serving as a node and, in some cases, cryptocurrencies can still be mined using personal computers.

對於最終用戶來說，在地球上進行區塊鏈交易是一個相對簡單的過程，但支撐它的技術，即去中心化計算，需要多個節點協同工作。大多數現代電腦都能夠充當節點，並且在某些情況下，仍然可以使用個人電腦來開採加密貨幣。

However, if all the remote infrastructure is stripped away — including Earthbound energy sources — it would quickly become impossible to mine cryptocurrency or transact on the blockchain. Recreating this infrastructure on Mars, as it exists on Earth in 2024, could potentially take decades or longer.

然而，如果所有遠端基礎設施都被剝奪——包括地球上的能源——那麼開採加密貨幣或在區塊鏈上進行交易將很快變得不可能。到 2024 年，在火星上重建這項基礎設施（就像在地球上一樣）可能需要幾十年或更長時間。

According to Elon Musk, humans will arrive on Mars long before that period. And, while trading cryptocurrency might not be their first priority, they’ll eventually need to engage in trusted transactions with Earth.

根據伊隆馬斯克的說法，人類將早在那個時期之前就抵達火星。而且，雖然交易加密貨幣可能不是他們的首要任務，但他們最終需要與地球進行可信賴交易。

Neuromorphic computers are purpose-built for such situations. Working in parallel with traditional computers, they could enable Martian colonists to conduct edge processing that would normally require real-time connectivity to remote resources and advanced infrastructure.

神經形態計算機是專門為這種情況而建構的。它們與傳統電腦並行工作，可以使火星殖民者能夠進行通常需要即時連接到遠端資源和先進基礎設施的邊緣處理。

Theoretically, simple computing devices with self-compliant neuromorphic processing chips could provide real-time automation and data processing for a scalable blockchain network on Mars. This would make it possible for colonists to bring their Earth-based blockchains

從理論上講，具有自兼容神經形態處理晶片的簡單計算設備可以為火星上的可擴展區塊鏈網路提供即時自動化和數據處理。這將使殖民者能夠攜帶他們的基於地球的區塊鏈