解碼生物識別NFT的潛力重塑醫療保健和生物技術行業

技術創新的快速發展，尤其是人工智能（AI）和機器學習（ML），正在重塑眾多部門

The rapid evolution of technological innovation, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), is transforming numerous sectors at an unprecedented pace. These advancements are critically dependent on the availability and quality of data, as higher-quality data lead to more significant insights and outcomes. Among various data types, biometric data stand out for their depth and potential utility, ranging from daily health indicators to complex genomic profiles¹. This vast array of data enables a sophisticated understanding of health and lifestyle patterns, enhancing predictive models for pharmacological interventions and physiological simulations conducted *in silico².

技術創新的快速發展，特別是在人工智能（AI）和機器學習（ML）中，正在以前所未有的速度改變眾多部門。這些進步主要取決於數據的可用性和質量，因為高質量的數據導致了更重要的見解和結果。在各種數據類型中，生物識別數據在深度和潛在效用方面脫穎而出，範圍從日常健康指標到復雜的基因組概況1。這一大量數據使人們對健康和生活方式模式有了複雜的了解，增強了在Silico2中進行的藥理干預措施和生理模擬的預測模型。

However, the accumulation and management of such sensitive biometric data pose significant ethical and governance challenges, particularly regarding ownership rights, which are rarely conferred upon the data creators. This misalignment between data generation and proprietary rights raises serious concerns about privacy, control, and the equitable use of personal information³. Traditional methods—such as encryption⁴, secure hardware⁵, anonymization⁶, and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs)⁷—ensure privacy and security, but they primarily focus on access control rather than decentralized ownership or monetization. While ZKPs support privacy-preserving authentication, they are computationally intensive and lack data portability. Privacy-focused databases ensure regulatory compliance but depend on centralized trust, limiting user autonomy. In contrast, NFTs offer a decentralized framework enabling verifiable ownership, secure transactions, and traceability. When combined with advanced cryptographic methods, NFTs present a scalable and privacy-enhancing solution for sensitive data management.

但是，這種敏感生物識別數據的積累和管理構成了重大的道德和治理挑戰，尤其是關於所有權，這些權利很少授予數據創建者。數據生成和專有權利之間的不對準引起了人們對隱私，控制和公平使用個人信息的嚴重關注。 3。傳統方法（例如Encryption4，Secure Hardware5，Anonymization6和零知識證明（ZKPS）7）都確保隱私和安全性，但它們主要集中在訪問控制上，而不是分散的所有權或貨幣化。儘管ZKPS支持保護隱私的身份驗證，但它們在計算密集程度上且缺乏數據可移植性。以隱私為重點的數據庫可確保法規合規性，但依賴集中式信任，從而限制用戶自主權。相比之下，NFT提供了一個分散的框架，可實現可驗證的所有權，安全交易和可追溯性。當與先進的加密方法結合使用時，NFT會為敏感數據管理提供可擴展和隱私的增強解決方案。

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) have emerged as a transformative solution to these challenges. NFTs are unique digital tokens powered by blockchain technology, presenting scarce digital assets with distinct value within a blockchain network. While previous studies have explored the integration of biometric data with NFTs^2,8,9,10, they have remained largely conceptual, focusing on theoretical discussions. In contrast, the objective of this study is to develop a secure and decentralized framework—Cell-NFT—for the ownership, management, and application of biometric data using NFT technology.

無殺菌令牌（NFT）已成為解決這些挑戰的一種變革解決方案。 NFTS是由區塊鏈技術提供支持的獨特數字代幣，在區塊鍊網絡中呈現具有獨特價值的稀缺數字資產。雖然先前的研究探討了生物識別數據與NFTS2,8,9,10的整合，但它們在很大程度上仍然是概念上的，重點是理論討論。相比之下，這項研究的目的是為使用NFT技術對生物識別數據的所有權，管理和應用開發一個安全和分散的框架。

Unlike prior research in domains like the Internet of Vehicles (IoV)^11,12, the Cell-NFT framework introduces innovations tailored for healthcare. These innovations include standardized data management, robust ownership mechanisms, and cryptographic privacy-enhancing techniques, ensuring compliance with data protection regulations in healthcare and biotechnology.

與以前在諸如車輛互聯網（IOV）11,12之類的領域研究不同，Cell-NFT框架介紹了為醫療保健量身定制的創新。這些創新包括標準化數據管理，強大的所有權機制和加密隱私增強技術，以確保遵守醫療保健和生物技術中的數據保護法規。

Traditional database systems, despite their efficiency in storing and retrieving data, rely on centralized control for access management and data integrity. This centralized approach carries risks such as unauthorized modifications, lack of transparency, and dependence on intermediaries for trust. Conversely, blockchain technology provides a decentralized solution, where data integrity is cryptographically verifiable, and records are tamper-proof. By integrating these features, the Cell-NFT framework ensures that biometric data ownership and transactions are transparent, auditable, and invulnerable to manipulation.

傳統數據庫系統儘管它們在存儲和檢索數據方面效率，但仍依靠集中控制來訪問管理和數據完整性。這種集中的方法具有未經授權的修改，缺乏透明度以及對中介機構的信任的風險。相反，區塊鏈技術提供了一個分散的解決方案，在該解決方案上，數據完整性在密碼上可驗證，並且記錄是防篡改的。通過集成這些功能，Cell-NFT框架可確保生物識別數據所有權和交易是透明，可審核的，並且對操縱是無敵的。

The metadata schema for Cell-NFTs is not merely a replication of traditional database functions but is designed to capitalize on blockchain’s unique advantages in data security and provenance tracking. Unlike conventional databases, where data integrity relies on a central authority, blockchain-based metadata guarantees tamper-proof records, cryptographically verifiable ownership, and decentralized access control. This approach is crucial in biomedical applications, demanding regulatory compliance, transparency, and auditability. Traditional databases are susceptible to unauthorized modifications and necessitate significant trust in intermediaries, whereas blockchain mitigates these concerns by providing a transparent and immutable ledger of all recorded interactions. Through the integration of these features, our approach achieves substantial improvements in data integrity, security, and long-term reliability compared to conventional storage solutions.

用於細胞-NFT的元數據模式不僅是傳統數據庫功能的複制，而且旨在利用區塊鏈在數據安全和出處跟踪中的獨特優勢。與傳統數據庫不同，數據完整性依賴中央權威，基於區塊鏈的元數據保證了防篡改的記錄，可驗證的所有權和分散的訪問控制。這種方法對於生物醫學應用至關重要，要求法規的依從性，透明度和可審核性至關重要。傳統的數據庫容易受到未經授權的修改的影響，並且需要對中介機構進行重大信任，而區塊鏈通過提供所有記錄的互動的透明且可變的分類帳來減輕這些問題。通過集成這些功能，與常規存儲解決方案相比，我們的方法可以實現數據完整性，安全性和長期可靠性的實質性改善。

Our research presents a pioneering methodology that integrates biometric data into NFTs to establish robust ownership records. Tokenizing biometric information preserves individual uniqueness and represents biological identity within the digital sphere, facilitating the secure certification of data ownership. Biometric NFTs, encompassing comprehensive digital life data, enable their governance and exchange across diverse digital platforms and marketplaces. The accompanying metadata schema is designed to boost both accessibility and practical use by streamlining data sharing and transactions, enhancing management workflows and reinforcing the foundation of a secure and efficient digital health infrastructure.

我們的研究提出了一種開創性的方法，該方法將生物特徵數據集成到NFT中以建立強大的所有權記錄。令牌化生物特徵信息可以保留個人的獨特性，並代表數字領域內的生物身份，從而促進了數據所有權的安全認證。生物識別NFT，涵蓋了綜合數字生活數據，可以在不同的數字平台和市場上進行治理和交流。隨附的元數據模式旨在通過簡化數據共享和交易，增強管理工作流程並加強安全有效的數字健康基礎設施的基礎來提高可訪問性和實際使用。

Tokenized biometric data have diverse applications, including use by hospitals and pharmaceutical companies. To address limitations in current NFT-based healthcare and biotechnology solutions, our framework employs a metadata schema and ecosystem designed for optimal data security, efficient processes, and improved accessibility. This tokenization introduces societal benefits, such as improved data management security and the emergence of new industries focused on innovative digital assets. Moreover, the work underscores the concept of individuality in the digital age, presenting both challenges and opportunities at the intersection of human behavior, ethics, and societal norms.

令牌化生物識別數據具有多種應用，包括醫院和製藥公司的使用。為了解決當前基於NFT的醫療保健和生物技術解決方案中的局限性，我們的框架採用了元數據模式和生態系統設計，旨在最佳數據安全性，有效的流程和提高可訪問性。這種令牌化介紹了社會利益，例如改進的數據管理安全性以及專注於創新數字資產的新行業的出現。此外，這項工作強調了數字時代的個性概念，在人類行為，倫理和社會規範的交集中既提出了挑戰和機遇。