中國的加密貨幣主導地位為美國敲響了安全警鐘

加密貨幣的興起暴露了美國基礎設施和國家安全的潛在漏洞。中國在半導體市場的主導地位，特別是在比特幣挖礦專用 ASIC 的生產領域，引發了人們對中國製造的硬體與美國關鍵系統整合的擔憂。這些設備中潛在的惡意軟體或韌體可能會促進情報活動，從而可能威脅資料安全並導致金融系統中斷。

China's Dominance in Cryptocurrency Infrastructure Raises National Security Concerns for the United States

中國在加密貨幣基礎設施領域的主導地位引發美國國家安全疑慮

Introduction

介紹

The United States has long held a contentious stance towards Chinese technology giants such as Huawei and TikTok, citing concerns over national security and infrastructure vulnerabilities. These concerns have now extended to the realm of cryptocurrencies, as the proliferation of Bitcoin mining operations in the US raises questions about the potential for foreign influence and espionage.

長期以來，美國出於對國家安全和基礎設施漏洞的擔憂，對華為和 TikTok 等中國科技巨頭採取了有爭議的立場。這些擔憂現在已經擴展到加密貨幣領域，因為美國比特幣挖礦業務的激增引發了人們對外國影響和間諜活動的可能性的質疑。

China's Ascendance in Cryptocurrency Mining Hardware

中國在加密貨幣挖礦硬體方面的優勢

Bitcoin mining, the process of verifying transactions and creating new currency units, relies heavily on specialized computer hardware known as ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits). China has emerged as a dominant force in the production of these chips, with leading manufacturers such as Bitmain based in the country. Chinese companies control over 98% of the ASIC market, giving them significant influence over the global cryptocurrency mining industry.

比特幣挖礦是驗證交易和創建新貨幣單位的過程，在很大程度上依賴稱為 ASIC（專用積體電路）的專用電腦硬體。中國已成為這些晶片生產的主導力量，比特大陸等領先製造商都位於該國。中國企業控制超過98%的ASIC市場，對全球加密貨幣挖礦產業有重要影響力。

Security Risks Posed by Chinese-Dominated Mining Infrastructure

中國主導的採礦基礎設施所帶來的安全風險

The growing presence of Chinese-controlled Bitcoin mining facilities in the US poses several security concerns. These facilities, often equipped with technology developed by Chinese companies, have the potential to facilitate intelligence activities, including data gathering and cyber-espionage against critical American infrastructure. Additionally, the inherent technological complexity of mining equipment raises the risk of backdoor vulnerabilities that could allow for the surreptitious transmission of data or even sabotage.

中國控制的比特幣挖礦設施在美國日益增多，引發了一些安全問題。這些設施通常配備中國公司開發的技術，有可能促進情報活動，包括針對美國關鍵基礎設施的資料收集和網路間諜活動。此外，採礦設備固有的技術複雜性增加了後門漏洞的風險，這些漏洞可能導致秘密傳輸資料甚至破壞。

Impact on American Monetary System

對美國貨幣體系的影響

The increasing adoption of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies highlights their growing importance to the American financial system. With 40% of American adults now holding cryptocurrencies and the mining industry projected to grow at a rate of 9% per year, any disruption to this sector would have far-reaching consequences. The reliance on Chinese suppliers to validate Bitcoin transactions poses a significant risk, especially during periods of geopolitical tension.

比特幣和其他加密貨幣的日益普及凸顯了它們對美國金融體係日益增長的重要性。目前 40% 的美國成年人持有加密貨幣，而採礦業預計將以每年 9% 的速度成長，對該行業的任何干擾都將產生深遠的影響。依賴中國供應商來驗證比特幣交易會帶來重大風險，尤其是在地緣政治緊張時期。

Mitigating the Risks

降低風險

To address these concerns, experts and policymakers are calling for swift and decisive action from American lawmakers. The proposed measures include:

為了解決這些擔憂，專家和政策制定者呼籲美國立法者採取迅速、果斷的行動。擬議的措施包括：

• Strengthening Cybersecurity Regulations: Implement strict cybersecurity standards for mining operations, including mandatory penetration testing and vulnerability assessments.
• Increasing Transparency in the Supply Chain: Promote transparency throughout the supply chain to ensure the authenticity and provenance of mining hardware and software.
• Thorough Background Checks on Investors: Conduct comprehensive background checks on investors in mining operations to identify potential risks and mitigate foreign influence.
• Creating Global Standards for Security: Foster international cooperation to establish global standards for addressing security concerns that transcend national borders.
• Developing a Robust American Mining Hardware Market: Invest in domestic manufacturing of mining semiconductors through initiatives such as the CHIPS Act to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers.

Conclusion

加強網路安全法規：對採礦作業實施嚴格的網路安全標準，包括強制性滲透測試和漏洞評估。者進行徹底的背景調查：對採礦作業投資者進行全面的背景調查，以識別潛在風險並減輕外國影響。美國採礦硬體市場：投資透過《CHIPS 法案》等舉措，減少對外國供應商的依賴，在國內採礦半導體製造領域取得進展。

China's dominance in the production and supply of cryptocurrency mining hardware raises significant national security concerns for the United States. To mitigate these risks, American policymakers must take swift and comprehensive action to strengthen cybersecurity, increase supply chain transparency, conduct thorough background checks, and foster international cooperation. By developing a robust American market for mining hardware, the United States can safeguard its critical infrastructure, protect its financial system, and maintain national security in the digital age.

中國在加密貨幣挖礦硬體生產和供應方面的主導地位引發了美國的重大國家安全疑慮。為了減輕這些風險，美國決策者必須採取迅速、全面的行動來加強網路安全、提高供應鏈透明度、進行徹底的背景調查並促進國際合作。透過發展強大的美國採礦硬體市場，美國可以保護其關鍵基礎設施，保護其金融系統，並維護數位時代的國家安全。