How to import a wallet to MetaMask

Understanding Wallet Importing in MetaMask

Importing a wallet into MetaMask allows users to regain access to an existing cryptocurrency wallet by using its recovery phrase, private key, or JSON file. This process is essential when switching devices, recovering lost access, or consolidating wallets. MetaMask supports several import methods, each tailored to different types of wallet data. It is crucial to understand that importing does not create a new wallet but instead restores access to an already existing one. Users must ensure they are using the official MetaMask application or browser extension to avoid phishing attacks.

Before proceeding, confirm that you have the correct credentials. If you are using a recovery phrase (seed phrase), it must consist of exactly 12, 18, or 24 words, separated by single spaces. For private key imports, ensure it is in the correct format—typically a 64-character hexadecimal string. JSON file imports require both the encrypted file and its corresponding password.

Preparing Your Environment for Import

To securely import a wallet, begin by installing the official MetaMask extension from a trusted source such as the Chrome Web Store or the MetaMask website. Avoid third-party download sites. Once installed, open the extension and click 'Import Wallet' instead of 'Create a Wallet'. This ensures you are not generating a new wallet unnecessarily.

Ensure your device is free from malware and that no one is observing your screen. Disable screen recording or screenshot tools. Connect to a secure network. Open the MetaMask interface and prepare your import credentials. Never enter your recovery phrase or private key on any website other than the official MetaMask interface. Confirm the URL in your browser reads exactly https://metamask.io.

Importing via Recovery Phrase

Using a recovery phrase is the most common method to import a wallet. This phrase was generated during the initial setup of most cryptocurrency wallets and serves as a universal backup.

• Click 'Import Wallet' in the MetaMask setup screen
• Select the 'Seed phrase' option
• Carefully enter your 12, 18, or 24-word recovery phrase into the input field, ensuring correct spelling and word order
• Create a new password for your MetaMask vault—this encrypts your local data but does not protect the seed phrase itself
• Confirm the password and click 'Import'

After submission, MetaMask will restore all accounts associated with the seed phrase. The first account (Account 1) is derived from the master seed. Additional accounts can be accessed by switching within the interface. Transactions and balances from the original wallet will begin syncing once the network connection is established.

Importing Using a Private Key

If you have a private key instead of a recovery phrase, MetaMask allows direct import. This method is typically used for single-address wallets or when migrating from certain hardware or custodial services.

• Open MetaMask and select 'Import Wallet'
• Choose the 'Private Key' tab
• Paste or manually enter the private key into the designated field
• Set a password for local encryption
• Click 'Import'

The private key must correspond to an Ethereum-compatible address (beginning with 0x). Once imported, the associated address will appear in your account list. Note that importing a private key does not grant access to other addresses from the same seed—only the single address tied to that key will be available.

Importing from a JSON File

Some wallets, such as Geth or Parity, export account data in encrypted JSON format. MetaMask supports this method for advanced users.

• Select 'Import Wallet' in MetaMask
• Switch to the 'JSON File' option
• Click 'Select File' and locate your JSON key file on your device
• Enter the password used to encrypt the JSON file when it was created
• Click 'Import'

If the password is incorrect or the file is corrupted, MetaMask will display an error. Ensure the JSON file has not been modified and that the password matches exactly, including case sensitivity. Upon success, the corresponding Ethereum address will be added to your wallet list.

Verifying Imported Wallet Details

After completing the import process, verify that the correct address has been restored. Click the account icon in the top-right corner of MetaMask and view the displayed Ethereum address. Compare this with a known transaction or previous wallet interface. You can also check the balance by connecting to a blockchain explorer like Etherscan.

If the balance appears incorrect or the address differs, double-check the import method and credentials. A common mistake is entering a recovery phrase in the private key field or using a password that does not match the JSON file. Do not attempt repeated imports with the same data, as this may lead to confusion in account indexing.

Ensure network settings are correct—MetaMask defaults to Ethereum Mainnet, but if your assets are on a different network (e.g., BSC, Polygon), you must manually add and switch to that network under 'Networks' settings.

Security Best Practices After Import

Once the wallet is imported, take immediate steps to secure access. Never share your recovery phrase, private key, or JSON password with anyone. Store them offline in a secure location such as a hardware wallet or encrypted USB drive. Avoid cloud storage or plaintext files.

Enable MetaMask’s built-in security features, such as biometric authentication (if available) and automatic lock timers. Regularly update the MetaMask extension to benefit from the latest security patches. Be cautious of phishing sites mimicking MetaMask—always verify the extension’s authenticity in your browser settings.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I import a wallet from another browser extension into MetaMask?Yes, if the other extension uses a BIP39-compliant recovery phrase, you can import it directly into MetaMask using the seed phrase method. Examples include Trust Wallet or Coinbase Wallet. Export the recovery phrase from the original wallet (if supported), then follow the seed import steps in MetaMask.

What happens if I enter the wrong password for a JSON file?MetaMask will display an error message stating 'Invalid password'. The JSON file is encrypted, and there is no way to recover the key without the correct password. You must retry with the exact password used during the file’s creation. No attempts are logged, and repeated failures will not unlock the file.

Will importing a wallet affect my transaction history?MetaMask does not store transaction history locally. After import, transaction data is fetched from the blockchain via connected nodes. Your complete history will reappear as the wallet syncs with the network. Pending or failed transactions from before the import will also be visible if they remain on-chain.

Is it safe to import a wallet on a public computer?No. Public or shared computers may have keyloggers or screen capture software. Always import wallets on a trusted, private device. After import, clear browser data if necessary and ensure no traces of the recovery phrase or private key remain in memory or cache.