How to bulk mint BRC-20 tokens with UniSat? (Efficiency Tips)

Bulk Minting Workflow Overview

1. Users must prepare a valid JSON file containing recipient addresses and corresponding token amounts. The structure requires strict adherence to UniSat’s accepted schema—no extra fields or nested objects are permitted.

2. Wallet connection is performed exclusively through the UniSat Wallet extension. MetaMask or other non-native wallets cannot sign BRC-20 bulk operations due to signature scheme incompatibility with Bitcoin’s OP_RETURN constraints.

3. Transaction fees are calculated dynamically based on UTXO count and data payload size. A single bulk mint may consume 3–7 UTXOs depending on input consolidation status prior to submission.

4. Each mint entry triggers a separate inscription within the same transaction. UniSat groups them under one PSBT but broadcasts them as individual inscriptions on-chain, visible as distinct entries on the ordinals explorer.

JSON Schema Validation Rules

1. The root object must be an array. Empty arrays or scalar values will halt processing before signature prompt.

2. Every array element must contain exactly two keys: 'address' and 'amount'. Any deviation—including misspelled keys or additional metadata—results in silent rejection.

3. Address validation enforces Bech32m format for Taproot compatibility. Legacy P2PKH or nested SegWit addresses return immediate parsing failure without fallback attempts.

4. Amounts accept only positive integers. Decimal values, scientific notation, or string-encoded numbers trigger client-side validation errors before network interaction.

Fee Optimization Techniques

1. Consolidate small UTXOs into larger ones at least 24 hours before bulk minting. This reduces input count per transaction and lowers fee pressure during peak mempool congestion.

2. Avoid minting during BTC block finality windows (last 3 blocks of each epoch). Mempool saturation spikes correlate strongly with these intervals, inflating effective sat/vB rates by up to 40%.

3. Use UniSat’s “fee preview” toggle to simulate three fee tiers: slow (1–3 blocks), standard (1–2 blocks), and urgent (next block). Actual confirmation time deviates from estimates only when competing high-fee RBF transactions reorganize the mempool.

4. Disable auto-fee estimation if running custom node infrastructure. Manual sat/vB input bypasses UniSat’s third-party API dependency and prevents misalignment during rapid fee market shifts.

On-Chain Verification Protocols

1. Each inscription ID appears as a unique 64-character hex string prefixed with “ord:”. These IDs are immutable and serve as canonical proof of mint execution.

2. Token balances update asynchronously across indexers. Blockstream Green and Hiro Explorer typically reflect changes within 2–5 confirmations; Dune Analytics dashboards may lag by up to 12 blocks due to batched indexer sync cycles.

3. Failed mints do not revert gas—they consume full transaction fee regardless of partial success. UniSat logs failed entries separately but does not refund any portion of the broadcast cost.

4. Re-inscription attempts using identical JSON payloads generate new inscription IDs. No deduplication logic exists at protocol level; duplicate submissions are treated as independent ordinal artifacts.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I include metadata like token names or decimals in the bulk mint JSON?A: No. BRC-20 bulk minting supports only address and amount fields. Metadata must be set during initial deploy inscription—not during distribution.

Q: Does UniSat support CSV import instead of JSON for bulk operations?A: Not natively. Third-party converters exist but introduce risk of encoding corruption, especially with UTF-8 BOM or comma-separated address truncation.

Q: What happens if my wallet runs out of satoshis mid-bulk process?A: The entire transaction fails before signing. UniSat validates available balance against estimated fee + inscription costs prior to PSBT generation.

Q: Are there limits on how many addresses I can include in one bulk request?A: Yes. Maximum allowed entries per JSON file is 100. Attempts exceeding this threshold return HTTP 413 Payload Too Large from UniSat’s API gateway.