ZKSync时代（ZK）：深入探讨以太坊的第2层扩容解决方案

ZKSync Era 是一种 Layer-2 扩展解决方案，它使用 ZK-rollups 来简化以太坊。它将多个交易集中到一个批次中，在不损害隐私或安全的情况下验证它们。

ZKSync Era (ZK) is a Layer-2 scaling solution that uses ZK-rollups to streamline Ethereum. It lumps multiple transactions into a single batch, verifying them without compromising privacy or security. This approach significantly enhances transaction throughput on Ethereum, making it faster and cheaper to use.

ZKSync Era (ZK) 是一种 Layer-2 扩展解决方案，它使用 ZK-rollups 来简化以太坊。它将多个交易集中到一个批次中，在不损害隐私或安全的情况下验证它们。这种方法显着提高了以太坊上的交易吞吐量，使其使用起来更快、更便宜。

Key advantages for investors to consider:

投资者需要考虑的主要优势：

For investors, ZKSync Era is a potentially disruptive force in the Layer 2 market. As the Ethereum ecosystem continues to grow, solutions like ZKSync Era could play a crucial role in accommodating increased demand while maintaining low fees and high security.

对于投资者来说，ZKSync Era 是 Layer 2 市场的潜在颠覆力量。随着以太坊生态系统的不断发展，像 ZKSync Era 这样的解决方案可以在满足不断增长的需求同时保持低费用和高安全性方面发挥至关重要的作用。

ZK Key Fundamentals

ZK 关键基础知识

Daily active users: ZKSync Era has approximately 265.44k daily active users, 1.34 million weekly active users, and 3.4 million monthly active users. However, user growth has stumbled since March 2024. The likely reason is that many zkSync users were airdrop farmers who were simply using the network to acquire ZK tokens during the June 2024 airdrop. We will have to wait to see if user growth resumes in the wake of the airdrop.

日活跃用户：ZKSync Era 日活跃用户约为 26.544 万，周活跃用户为 134 万，月活跃用户为 340 万。然而，自 2024 年 3 月以来，用户增长缓慢。可能的原因是许多 zkSync 用户是空投农民，他们只是在 2024 年 6 月空投期间使用网络获取 ZK 代币。我们将不得不等待，看看空投后用户是否会恢复增长。

Fees and Revenues: ZKSync Era generates revenue by charging off-chain and on-chain fees. Off-chain fees are fixed at approximately $0.01 per transaction and cover the cost of storage state and generating a proof. On-chain fees, or gas fees, are charged to a sender when they complete a transaction. Earnings from these fees are then used to reward block producers who validate transactions on the network.

费用和收入：ZKSync Era 通过收取链下和链上费用来产生收入。链下费用固定为每笔交易约 0.01 美元，涵盖存储状态和生成证明的成本。链上费用或汽油费是在发送者完成交易时向其收取的。这些费用的收入随后用于奖励在网络上验证交易的区块生产者。

As you can see from the chart above, ZKSync Era’s was making steady gains in early 2024, however the March Dencun upgrade by Ethereum seriously eroded fee revenue. This is inline with what’s been seen across all the Layer-2 solutions, where fee revenues have dropped by 50% to 98% post-Dencun.

从上图可以看出，ZKSync Era 在 2024 年初稳步增长，但以太坊 3 月份的 Dencun 升级严重侵蚀了费用收入。这与所有 Layer-2 解决方案的情况一致，在 Dencun 之后，费用收入下降了 50% 到 98%。

Transactions on-chain: As of March 2024, ZKSync Era can process 1 million transactions in 24 hours. As of June 2024, over 409 million transactions have taken place on the network. One benefit seen from the Ethereum Dencun upgrade is in the number of bridge deposits, which allow users to move crypto assets to different blockchains. As you can see in the chart below, these bridge deposits have increased post-Dencun, indicating that users prefer zkSync over other solutions.

交易上链：截至2024年3月，ZKSync Era可以在24小时内处理100万笔交易。截至 2024 年 6 月，网络上已发生超过 4.09 亿笔交易。以太坊 Dencun 升级的一大好处是桥存款的数量，它允许用户将加密资产转移到不同的区块链。如下图所示，这些桥押金在 Dencun 后有所增加，表明用户更喜欢 zkSync 而非其他解决方案。

The Team

团队

Matter Labs, the development firm behind ZKSync Era, consists of highly skilled and experienced engineers, researchers, and technical experts. Alex Gluchowski, the company’s co-founder and CEO, holds a Master of Science in computer science from the Berlin Institute of Technology. Before co-founding Matter Labs, he served as the chief technology officer at ExpoGlobus. He also co-founded two other companies and served as the director of R&D at Entropy Labs, a software engineering firm specializing in financial technologies and networking applications.

Matter Labs 是 ZKSync Era 背后的开发公司，由技术精湛、经验丰富的工程师、研究人员和技术专家组成。该公司的联合创始人兼首席执行官 Alex Gluchowski 拥有柏林理工学院计算机科学硕士学位。在共同创立 Matter Labs 之前，他曾担任 ExpoGlobus 的首席技术官。他还共同创立了另外两家公司，并担任 Entropy Labs（一家专门从事金融技术和网络应用程序的软件工程公司）的研发总监。

Matter Lab’s chief product officer, Steve Newcomb, co-founded Loudfire, the company responsible for building the technology that enabled the first email to be sent from a mobile phone. Recently, the company welcomed Nana Murugesan to the team as company president. Murugesan previously served as VP of Business Development and International at Coinbase.

Matter Lab 的首席产品官 Steve Newcomb 是 Loudfire 的联合创始人，该公司负责开发能够通过手机发送第一封电子邮件的技术。最近，该公司迎来了 Nana Murugesan 加入团队，担任公司总裁。 Murugesan 此前曾担任 Coinbase 业务开发和国际副总裁。

With this level of experience in the industry, it seems likely that the team will be capable of delivering on their vision.

凭借如此丰富的行业经验，该团队似乎有能力实现他们的愿景。

Financials

金融

Launched in June 2024, ZK is the native token used for governance in the ZKsync Era network. The token can be used to pay network fees within the ZKSync ecosystem, introduce governance protocols for networks, and cast votes regarding protocol updates.

ZK 于 2024 年 6 月推出，是用于 ZKsync Era 网络治理的原生代币。该代币可用于支付 ZKSync 生态系统内的网络费用、引入网络治理协议以及对协议更新进行投票。

There are 21 billion ZK tokens in supply, 17.5% of which were distributed to wallets via an airdrop on June 17, 2024. 19.9% of the supply was given to the ZKSync Foundation for ecosystem initiatives, and another 29.3% was given to governance (i.e., Total Assembly). The remaining 33.3% was split amongst team members and investors, with 16.1% going to the team and 17.2% going to investors.

ZK 代币的供应量为 210 亿个，其中 17.5% 通过 2024 年 6 月 17 日的空投分发到钱包。 19.9% 的供应量给予 ZKSync 基金会用于生态系统计划，另外 29.3% 用于治理（即总装配）。剩下的 33.3% 分配给团队成员和投资者，其中 16.1% 归团队，17.2% 归投资者。

As you can see in the chart above, ZK price has dropped significantly since the initial launch. This is likely due to heavy selling from those who were only looking to profit from the ZK airdrop.

从上图可以看出，ZK 价格自首次推出以来已大幅下跌。这可能是由于那些只想从 ZK 空投中获利的人大量抛售所致。

Platform upgrades, including the recently launched ZKSync 3.0 and its “Elastic Chain” concept (which somewhat resembles rival Polygon's AggLayer), will likely influence the token’s price. Additionally, the growth of the ZK ecosystem, market adoption of Layer-2 solutions, regulatory developments, and overall cryptocurrency market trends will likely play a crucial role in ZK’s price trajectory.

平台升级，包括最近推出的 ZKSync 3.0 及其“弹性链”概念（有点类似于竞争对手 Polygon 的 AggLayer），可能会影响代币的价格。此外，ZK 生态系统的发展、Layer-2 解决方案的市场采用、监管发展以及整体加密货币市场趋势可能会在 ZK 的价格轨迹中发挥至关重要的作用。