美国参议员公布稳定币监管综合框架

美国参议员克尔斯滕·吉利布兰德 (Kirsten Gillibrand) 和辛西娅·鲁米斯 (Cynthia Lummis) 提出了《鲁米斯-吉利布兰德支付稳定币法案》，这是一项开创性的立法，旨在建立支付稳定币的监管框架。该法案旨在通过强制发行人一对一准备金、禁止算法稳定币以及为稳定币相关公司创建州和联邦监管框架来解决 2022 年 TerraUSD 事件引发的担忧。该法案还包括打击非法活动和保护消费者的措施。

US Senators Propose Comprehensive Stablecoin Legislation

美国参议员提议全面的稳定币立法

Washington, D.C. - United States Senators Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) and Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) have introduced the Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act, a groundbreaking piece of legislation that aims to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework for payment stablecoins.

华盛顿特区 - 美国参议员 Kirsten Gillibrand（纽约州民主党）和 Cynthia Lummis（怀俄明州共和党）提出了《Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案》，这是一项开创性的立法，旨在为支付稳定币建立全面的监管框架。

Guiding Principles

指导原则

The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act is predicated upon the following principles:

Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案基于以下原则：

• Protecting Consumers: Ensuring the financial safety and stability of American consumers who transact using payment stablecoins.
• Promoting Innovation: Fostering a regulatory environment that encourages responsible innovation in the stablecoin sector.
• Ensuring U.S. Dominance: Maintaining the U.S. dollar's position as the global reserve currency by establishing a robust framework for payment stablecoins.
• Combating Illicit Activities: Preventing the use of payment stablecoins for illegal purposes, such as money laundering and terrorist financing.

Key Provisions

保护消费者：确保使用支付稳定币进行交易的美国消费者的财务安全和稳定。促进创新：营造鼓励稳定币行业负责任创新的监管环境。确保美国主导地位：通过建立美元作为全球储备货币的地位支付稳定币的稳健框架。打击非法活动：防止将支付稳定币用于非法目的，例如洗钱和恐怖主义融资。关键条款

The proposed legislation includes a number of key provisions:

拟议的立法包括一些关键条款：

• Prohibition of Unbacked Stablecoins: Bans the issuance of "unbacked, algorithmic stablecoins," such as the infamous TerraUSD (UST), which led to significant investor losses in 2022.
• One-to-One Reserve Requirement: Mandates that stablecoin issuers maintain a one-to-one reserve ratio, meaning that for every payment stablecoin in circulation, the issuer must hold an equivalent amount in a U.S. dollar-denominated reserve.
• Regulatory Frameworks: Establishes both state and federal regulatory frameworks for entities involved in the issuance, custody, and trading of payment stablecoins.
• Combating Illicit Activities: Includes provisions designed to combat money laundering, terrorist financing, and other illegal activities involving payment stablecoins.

Legislative Support

禁止无支持的稳定币：禁止发行“无支持的算法稳定币”，例如臭名昭​​著的 TerraUSD (UST)，它导致 2022 年投资者遭受重大损失。 一对一的储备金要求：要求稳定币发行人维持一对一的储备金要求：准备金比率为一比，这意味着对于流通中的每一种支付稳定币，发行人必须持有等量的以美元计价的准备金。 监管框架：为参与发行、托管和发行的实体建立州和联邦监管框架支付稳定币交易。打击非法活动：包括旨在打击洗钱、恐怖主义融资和其他涉及支付稳定币的非法活动的条款。立法支持

Senator Gillibrand expressed confidence in gaining support for the Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act in both the Senate and the House of Representatives. She emphasized that her office has worked closely with federal and state agencies in drafting the bill.

参议员吉利布兰德表示有信心在参议院和众议院获得对 Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案的支持。她强调，她的办公室在起草该法案时与联邦和州机构密切合作。

Senator Lummis echoed Gillibrand's sentiments, highlighting the importance of establishing clear guardrails for the stablecoin market. She noted that her previous calls for action against alleged misconduct by stablecoin issuers underscore the need for robust regulation.

参议员 Lummis 呼应了 Gillibrand 的观点，强调了为稳定币市场建立明确护栏的重要性。她指出，她之前呼吁对稳定币发行人涉嫌不当行为采取行动，这强调了强有力监管的必要性。

Regulatory Scrutiny

监管审查

The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act is part of a broader effort to provide regulatory oversight for the rapidly evolving stablecoin industry. In 2023, the House of Representatives considered the Clarity for Payment Stablecoins Act, but the legislation has since stalled.

Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案是为快速发展的稳定币行业提供监管监督的更广泛努力的一部分。 2023 年，众议院考虑了《支付稳定币清晰度法案》，但该立法此后陷入停滞。

Senate Banking Committee Chair Sherrod Brown (D-OH) has indicated that a stablecoin bill is among his priorities for the legislative session, provided his concerns are addressed. However, he has not specifically endorsed the Lummis-Gillibrand bill.

参议院银行委员会主席谢罗德·布朗（D-OH）表示，如果他的担忧得到解决，稳定币法案是他在立法会议上的优先事项之一。然而，他并没有特别支持鲁米斯-吉利布兰德法案。

Industry Impact

行业影响

The Lummis-Gillibrand Payment Stablecoin Act is being closely watched by both the cryptocurrency industry and regulators. The legislation's approach may set a precedent for future laws governing cryptocurrencies, and stakeholders are keen to ensure a balance between innovation and consumer protection in the digital economy.

Lummis-Gillibrand 支付稳定币法案正在受到加密货币行业和监管机构的密切关注。该立法的方法可能为未来管理加密货币的法律树立先例，利益相关者渴望确保数字经济中创新和消费者保护之间的平衡。