保护您的加密货币：冷存储可保护数字时代的数字资产

为了在比特币价值飙升的情况下安全地存储比特币，引入了“冷存储”的概念。这包括保持访问密钥离线、阻止任何互联网连接以及增强针对黑客攻击的保护。最安全的冷存储形式是将密钥写在纸上，同时也可以使用硬件钱包和 Coinbase 冷存储。然而，从 Coinbase 转移代币会根据区块链活动产生不同的费用。

Cold Storage: Safeguarding Your Cryptocurrency Investments in the Digital Era

冷存储：在数字时代保护您的加密货币投资

In the wake of the burgeoning cryptocurrency market, particularly the rapid rise of Bitcoin, it is imperative to understand the concept of "cold storage" for securing your digital assets.

随着加密货币市场的蓬勃发展，特别是比特币的迅速崛起，有必要了解“冷存储”的概念来保​​护您的数字资产。

Understanding Cryptocurrency Ownership

了解加密货币所有权

Unlike physical assets, cryptocurrencies exist solely in digital form, rendering them intangible and inaccessible through traditional means. Ownership of cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, therefore translates to having sole access to the coins through a series of private and public keys, which are intricate strings of alphanumeric characters.

与实物资产不同，加密货币仅以数字形式存在，使其变得无形且无法通过传统方式获取。因此，比特币等加密货币的所有权意味着可以通过一系列私钥和公钥（这些密钥是复杂的字母数字字符串）来唯一访问这些货币。

Vulnerability of Hot Wallets

热钱包的漏洞

Coinbase, a prominent cryptocurrency exchange, serves as a platform for purchasing and storing Bitcoin, offering users the convenience of an online "hot wallet" for quick access to their funds. However, the downside of hot wallets lies in their inherent vulnerability to cyber attacks.

Coinbase 是一家著名的加密货币交易所，作为购买和存储比特币的平台，为用户提供在线“热钱包”的便利，以便快速访问其资金。然而，热钱包的缺点在于其固有的易受网络攻击的脆弱性。

If an individual gains unauthorized access to your Coinbase account, they can potentially steal your Bitcoin, leaving you helpless to prevent the loss. This vulnerability highlights the need for more robust security measures, emphasizing the significance of cold storage.

如果有人未经授权访问您的 Coinbase 账户，他们可能会窃取您的比特币，让您无法避免损失。该漏洞凸显了对更强大的安全措施的需求，强调了冷存储的重要性。

Cold Storage: The Ultimate Safeguard

冷藏：终极保障

Cold storage refers to the practice of safeguarding cryptocurrency access keys offline, completely segregated from the internet. This approach effectively removes the risk of online breaches, enhancing the security of your digital assets.

冷存储是指离线保护加密货币访问密钥、与互联网完全隔离的做法。这种方法有效消除了在线泄露的风险，增强了数字资产的安全性。

Coinbase's Cold Storage Options

Coinbase 的冷存储选项

Recognizing the importance of cold storage, Coinbase offers its own offline storage solution for safeguarding customer funds. When creating a Coinbase wallet, users have the option to "vault" it, which involves storing the wallet's keys offline, limiting the potential for unauthorized access.

认识到冷存储的重要性，Coinbase 提供了自己的离线存储解决方案来保护客户资金。创建 Coinbase 钱包时，用户可以选择“保管”它，这涉及离线存储钱包的密钥，从而限制未经授权访问的可能性。

Coinbase utilizes paper backups of keys, geographically dispersed in safe deposit boxes, to ensure the security of customer funds. According to Coinbase, approximately 98% of its client funds are stored using this method.

Coinbase 利用密钥的纸质备份，分布在不同地理位置的保险箱中，以确保客户资金的安全。据 Coinbase 称，大约 98% 的客户资金都是使用这种方法存储的。

The Bitfinex Hack: A Cautionary Tale

Bitfinex 黑客事件：一个警示故事

The Bitfinex hack of 2016, where the exchange fell victim to a $65 million Bitcoin theft, serves as a sobering reminder of the risks associated with hot wallets. The breach occurred due to Bitfinex's switch from cold storage to "segregated multi-sig," a security system that divides keys among multiple owners to mitigate risk.

2016 年 Bitfinex 遭受黑客攻击，该交易所成为价值 6500 万美元的比特币失窃案的受害者，这清醒地提醒人们注意与热钱包相关的风险。此次泄露的发生是由于 Bitfinex 从冷存储切换到“隔离多重签名”，这是一种将密钥分配给多个所有者以降低风险的安全系统。

However, in this instance, the exchange relied on an external security provider, BitGo, to auto-approve cryptocurrency withdrawals. The hackers exploited this vulnerability, resulting in the loss of a substantial amount of Bitcoin.

然而，在这种情况下，交易所依赖外部安全提供商 BitGo 来自动批准加密货币提款。黑客利用该漏洞，导致大量比特币丢失。

DIY Cold Storage: Paper and Hardware Wallets

DIY冷藏：纸质和硬件钱包

The purest form of cold storage involves writing down your cryptocurrency keys on paper and safeguarding them in a secure location, rather than entrusting a third party with their custody.

最纯粹的冷存储形式包括将您的加密货币密钥写在纸上并将其保存在安全的位置，而不是委托第三方保管。

Alternatively, you can etch your keys onto a physical object or store them in a word document on an external hard drive disconnected from the internet. Bitcoin.com provides a comprehensive guide to creating "paper wallet" files on your computer that remain inaccessible online.

或者，您可以将密钥蚀刻到物理对象上，或将它们存储在与互联网断开连接的外部硬盘驱动器上的 Word 文档中。 Bitcoin.com 提供了在计算机上创建无法在线访问的“纸钱包”文件的综合指南。

Hardware wallets offer another secure cold storage option. These USB-compatible devices require you to enter a PIN before performing any transactions. Additionally, you need to know your Bitcoin wallet address to send or receive funds, adding another layer of protection.

硬件钱包提供了另一种安全的冷存储选项。这些 USB 兼容设备要求您在执行任何交易之前输入 PIN。此外，您需要知道您的比特币钱包地址才能发送或接收资金，从而增加另一层保护。

Transferring Funds from Coinbase

从 Coinbase 转移资金

To move your Bitcoin out of your Coinbase wallet, navigate to the wallet, click "send," and specify the recipient's Bitcoin address. It is important to note that Coinbase fees for transferring coins can be substantial, varying depending on the activity on the Bitcoin blockchain. During periods of high demand, fees can reach up to 15%.

要将比特币移出 Coinbase 钱包，请导航至钱包，单击“发送”，然后指定收件人的比特币地址。值得注意的是，Coinbase 转移代币的费用可能很高，具体取决于比特币区块链上的活动。在需求旺盛时期，费用最高可达 15%。

Disclosure:

披露：

The author acknowledges owning less than one Bitcoin, purchased in 2015 for journalistic purposes.

作者承认自己拥有不到一枚比特币，是 2015 年出于新闻目的购买的。

Additional Resources:

其他资源：

• How to buy Bitcoin
• Why Nasdaq, CME, and CBOE are all rushing in to Bitcoin futures
• The 11 biggest names in crypto right now
• Why Bitcoin matters
• Square's Bitcoin trial is a big deal
• Bitcoin is becoming the new gold
• Japan is poised to become the leading Bitcoin market

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