项目11宣布使用Shor's Algorithm打破比特币ECC键的一部分的第一支球队Q-Day奖金

项目11，一家量子计算研究公司，宣布了一项题为2025年4月16日的Q-Day奖的比赛。

Project 11, a quantum computing research company, announced a competition titled the Q-Day Prize on April 16. To win, participants must break the largest portion of a toy version of Bitcoin’s ECC key using Shor’s algorithm on a quantum computer. The deadline is April 5, 2026. The prize: 1 BTC.

量子计算研究公司Project 11宣布了一项题为4月16日的Q-Day奖的竞赛。要赢得参与者，必须使用Shor的量子计算机上的Shor算法打破玩具版本的ECC密钥的最大部分。截止日期是2026年4月5日。奖品：1 BTC。

The mission behind the competition

比赛背后的任务

According to researchers, quantum computers will be capable of instantly solving tasks that modern-day computers would need 47 years to complete. Such computational power is widely seen as a threat to cryptocurrency networks, as they would be able to brute-force encrypted data. Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) are especially vulnerable, newer coins were made with quantum resistance in mind.

根据研究人员的说法，量子计算机将能够立即解决现代计算机需要47年才能完成的任务。这种计算能力被广泛视为对加密货币网络的威胁，因为它们能够爆炸加密数据。比特币（BTC）和以太坊（ETH）特别脆弱，较新的硬币是用量子抵抗制成的。

Although some see the contest as a threat to Bitcoin’s security, Project 11 claims the real mission is to avoid future security breaches associated with quantum computing progress, estimate the risks, and take proper action to respond to the threat in time.

尽管有些人认为比赛是对比特币安全性的威胁，但项目11声称，真正的任务是避免与量子计算进度相关的未来安全漏洞，估算风险，并采取适当的措施以及时应对威胁。

10 million+ addresses have exposed public keys.Quantum computing is steadily progressing.Nobody has rigorously benchmarked this threat yet.

1000万以上的地址已经暴露了公共密钥。Quantum Computing稳步进步。没有稳定的严格基准为这一威胁。

As Project 11 puts it in the announcement on the company’s X account, the mission is to protect six million bitcoins. Project 11 explains that currently, Bitcoin’s security heavily relies on elliptic curve cryptography, allegedly vulnerable to quantum computers running Shor’s algorithm. Breaking this protection is a question of time. The idea behind the competition is to benchmark this threat and get practical data to work with in creating solutions that will protect the Bitcoin network from quantum computers.

正如Project 11在公司X帐户公告中所说的那样，任务是保护600万比特币。项目11解释说，目前，比特币的安全性在很大程度上依赖椭圆曲线密码学，据称据称容易受到运行Shor算法的量子计算机的影响。打破这种保护是一个时间问题。竞争背后的想法是基于这种威胁并获得实用数据，以创建可以保护比特币网络免受量子计算机的解决方案。

According to the conditions list, Project 11 does not anticipate that someone will break the entire Bitcoin key. The company urges competitors to try to break small portions of the 256-bit key. Project 11 offers toy keys from 1 to 25 bits in length. As the company puts it, even breaking a 3-bit key would be big news.

根据条件列表，项目11不会预期有人会打破整个比特币密钥。该公司敦促竞争对手试图打破256位钥匙的一小部分。项目11提供的玩具钥匙长度为1到25位。正如公司所说，即使打破3位钥匙也是大新闻。

Importance for transparency

对透明度的重要性

Project 11 emphasizes the need for transparent stress testing, open to all, to provide an honest and clear picture of how real the quantum threat is.

项目11强调需要对所有人开放的透明压力测试，以诚实而清晰地了解量子威胁的真实情况。

Here’s what the company itself says on the matter:

这是公司本身在此问题上所说的：

“Quantum computing is advancing fast, and the impact on cryptography is inevitable. Instead of waiting for breakthroughs to happen behind closed doors, we believe in facing this challenge head-on in a transparent and rigorous manner.

“量子计算正在迅速发展，对加密的影响是不可避免的。我们相信，不仅要等待突破发生在闭门造车后面，我们相信以透明和严格的方式面对这一挑战。

The QDay Prize is about testing real quantum capabilities, staking out the frontier of cryptanalysis, and ensuring the world is ready for what comes next. The future of cryptography depends on it.”

Qday奖是关于测试真实量子功能，占据隐态分析的前沿，并确保世界已准备好接下来的事情。密码学的未来取决于它。”

Awarding people for cracking Bitcoin key cryptography is also a bold move that may increase awareness about the quantum computing threat to Bitcoin, as not everyone in the community knows about it, and many downplay this danger.

授予人们破解比特币钥匙密码学的人也是一个大胆的举动，可能会提高人们对比特币量子计算威胁的认识，因为并不是社区中的每个人都知道这一点，并且许多人淡化了这种危险。

Transparency of the competition will ensure the threat is real and not something made up. Thanks to the submitted task solutions being visible to everyone, the threat may become auditable and reminiscent of open-source software in this regard.

竞争的透明度将确保威胁是真实的，而不是构成的。由于所有人都可以看到提交的任务解决方案，在这方面，威胁可能会审核并让人联想到开源软件。

How real is the quantum computing threat?

量子计算威胁有多真实？

Project 11 notes that no one has ever managed to break any ECC key used in real-life cryptography, either via classical methods or quantum computing. Nevertheless, quantum computing keeps evolving, and the threat is real. The Project 11 website mentions that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is actively transitioning to post-quantum cryptography (PQC), as widely adopted ECC is considered vulnerable to potential quantum attacks. Several brands of wallets now promote themselves as quantum-resistant ledgers.

项目11指出，没有人通过经典方法或量子计算打破现实生活中使用的任何ECC密钥。然而，量子计算不断发展，威胁是真实的。项目11网站提到，国家标准技术研究所（NIST）正在积极过渡到量子后加密术（PQC），因为广泛采用的ECC被认为容易受到潜在量子攻击的影响。现在，几个品牌的钱包作为抗量子的分类帐。

According to existing estimations, a quantum computer needs to reach 2,000 qubits to break ECC keys. Currently, various companies work on quantum chips. Yet, their capacity is far beyond the 2,000 qubits. For instance, Google’s Willow chip reaches 105 qubits. IBM’s Heron is more powerful, with 150 qubits. QuEra is a quantum computing-focused company. Its analog quantum computer allegedly reaches the 256 qubits mark.

根据现有的估计，量子计算机需要达到2,000吨以打破ECC键。目前，各种公司从事量子芯片。然而，它们的能力远远超出了2,000吨的范围。例如，Google的Willow芯片达到105 QUAT。 IBM的苍鹭更强大，有150 QUAT。 Quera是一家以量子计算为中心的公司。据称，其模拟量子计算机达到了256 QUAT的标记。

Various prominent experts and professionals in the cryptocurrency community have voiced their concerns about the potential dangers of quantum computation for Bitcoin.

加密货币社区的各种著名专家和专业人士都表达了他们对量子计算对比特币的潜在危险的担忧。

Opinions

意见

Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino took to X to convey his optimistic stance on the future of Bitcoin in the quantum computing era. He seemingly doesn’t doubt that quantum computers will eventually crack the ECC key. By that time, a solution will already have been made, and all Bitcoin owners will have moved their assets to quantum-resistant addresses. The “lost wallets,” including Satoshi’s addresses, will be hacked, and those coins will enter circulation.

系绳首席执行官保罗·阿多利诺（Paolo Ardoino）上X传达了他对量子计算时代比特币未来的乐观立场。他似乎毫不怀疑量子计算机最终会破解ECC密钥。到那时，将已经制定解决方案，所有比特币所有者都会将其资产转移到抗量子的地址。包括Satoshi的地址在内的“丢失的钱包”将被黑客入侵，这些硬币将进入流通。

John Lilic of Telos Blockchain outlines the opposite side of the quantum computer use case. He points out that they can be used not to loot crypto from wallets with lost keys but to give legitimate owners an opportunity to regain access to their locked bitcoins.

Telos区块链的John Lilic概述了量子计算机用例的另一侧。他指出，它们可以用来不用丢失的钥匙从钱包中抢劫加密货币，而是让合法的所有者有机会重新获得对锁定比特币的访问权限。

This is just the start

这只是开始