现在，美国大多数州取消将手枪转换为机枪的设备

在新墨西哥州，警察和检察官支持将手枪转换为机枪的设备。在阿拉巴马州，州长将其作为优先事项。

The new legislation in Alabama and New Mexico follows a federal law that has, for decades, banned machine guns and any parts designed to transform semiautomatic weapons into automatic ones.

阿拉巴马州和新墨西哥州的新立法遵循了一项联邦法律，该法律已被禁止使用机枪和任何旨在将半自动武器转变为自动武器的零件。

However, a recent rise in violent crime and the recovery of so-called Glock switches by police and prosecutors has prompted both parties to agree on outlawing the devices.

但是，最近的暴力犯罪和警察和检察官所谓的格洛克开关的恢复促使双方同意取缔设备的同意。

At least half of U.S. states now have similar laws prohibiting the possession of such devices, a list that has grown over the past decade as law enforcement officers have found more of the tiny yet powerful devices attached to guns.

现在，至少有一半的美国州有类似的法律禁止拥有此类设备，这一清单在过去十年中已逐渐增长，因为执法人员发现了更多枪支附属的小而强大的设备。

Here’s a closer look:

这是一个更近的外观：

What does federal law say?

联邦法律怎么说？

U.S. law defines a machine gun as a weapon that automatically fires more than one shot with a single pull of a trigger. The definition also includes any parts designed to convert a weapon into a machine gun.

美国法律将机枪定义为一种武器，该武器会自动用一次拉力扳机发射超过一个镜头。该定义还包括旨在将武器转换为机枪的任何零件。

Federal law prohibits possessing machine guns made after 1986, with some exceptions for law enforcement, the military and certain licensed dealers. Nearly all conversion devices are illegal because they were made more recently.

联邦法律禁止拥有1986年以后制造的机枪，除了执法部门，军队和某些持牌经销商外。几乎所有转换设备都是非法的，因为它们是最近制造的。

People convicted of possessing machine guns and conversion devices can face up to 10 years in prison.

被判拥有机枪和转换装置的人最多可以被判入狱10年。

What is a Glock switch?

什么是Glock开关？

A Glock switch is one type of a machine gun conversion device. It’s a metal or plastic piece, about the size of a coin, that attaches to the back of Glock pistol, a brand that is popular with both police and criminals. The switch interferes with a gun’s internal trigger components so that it fires continuously when the trigger is pulled back and held.

Glock开关是一种机枪转换设备的一种类型。它是金属或塑料件，大约是硬币的大小，它附在Glock手枪的后部，该品牌在警察和罪犯都很受欢迎。开关干扰了枪的内部扳机组件，因此当扳机向后拉并保持时，它会连续触发。

A gun outfitted with a switch can fire dozens of bullets in mere seconds, similar to a factory-made machine gun.

配备开关的枪可以在短短几秒钟内发射数十枚子弹，类似于工厂制造的机枪。

Other brands of pistols that mimic Glocks also can be converted to machine guns. So can some semiautomatic rifles. Such conversion devices also are referred to as auto sears, selector switches or chips.

模仿Glocks的其他手枪品牌也可以转换为机枪。一些半自动步枪也可以。此类转换设备也称为自动SEARS，选择器开关或芯片。

What does the data indicate?

数据指示什么？

The use of auto sears spiked in the past decade, partly because they can be made inexpensively with 3D printers.

在过去的十年中，使用自动SEARS峰值，部分是因为它们可以用3D打印机廉价地制成。

From 2012 to 2016, just 814 machine gun conversion parts were taken into custody by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. That swelled to 5,454 from 2017-2021.

从2012年到2016年，酒精，烟草，枪支和炸药只有814个机枪转换零件被拘留。从2017 - 2021年开始膨胀至5,454。

In January, former President Joe Biden’s administration said 12,360 suspected machine gun conversion devices had been recovered in the U.S. and submitted to the ATF during a roughly 34-month period ending in October 2024.

一月份，前总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）政府表示，在美国的大约34个月期间，在美国已回收了12,360个涉嫌机枪转换装置，并在2024年10月的大约34个月内提交给ATF。

Five states including Florida, Illinois, Texas, Montana and North Dakota accounted for nearly half that total.

包括佛罗里达州，伊利诺伊州，德克萨斯州，蒙大拿州和北达科他州在内的五个州占总数的一半。

What have states been doing?

各州在做什么？

Alabama is the latest state to outlaw Glock switches. A law signed this month by Republican Gov. Kay Ivey makes possessing parts designed to convert pistols into machine guns a felony punishable by up to 10 years in prison.

阿拉巴马州是禁止格洛克开关的最新州。共和党州长凯·艾维（Kay Ivey）本月签署的一项法律使旨在将手枪转换为机枪的零件可判处最高10年监禁。

The bipartisan push in Alabama came after police said they believed conversion devices had been used in fatal shootings, including one in September that killed four and injured 17 people outside a Birmingham lounge.

在警方说，他们认为conversion依设备已被用于致命枪击事件，其中包括9月份的一人在伯明翰休息室以外造成17人受伤，包括一起枪击事件，其中包括一起枪击事件。

Democratic New Mexico Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham signed a law in February making possession of a weapon conversion device a felony punishable by up to three years in prison.

新墨西哥州民主党州州长米歇尔·卢扬·格里森（Michelle Lujan Grisham）在2月签署了一项法律，使武器转换装置具有最高三年监禁的重罪。

Similar legislation passed the New Jersey General Assembly last week and now heads to the Senate. Bills also are pending in other states.

类似的立法上周通过了新泽西大会，现在前往参议院。法案在其他州也在审理中。

Republican Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin signed a law last year making auto sears illegal. But Youngkin vetoed legislation this past week that would have broadened an existing ban on “trigger activators” to cover additional devices that increase firing rates of semiautomatic weapons.

共和党人弗吉尼亚州州长格伦·杨金（Gle​​nn Youngkin）去年签署了一项法律，使自动人士违法。但是，在过去的一周中，Youngkin否决了立法，该立法将扩大对“触发激活者”的禁令，以涵盖增加半自动武器发射速率的其他设备。

What do gun control advocates want?

枪支管制倡导者想要什么？