探索 SaaS 安全迷宫：令牌安全和安全团队的角色

SaaS 违规事件急剧增加，通常是由代币盗窃造成的。了解安全团队如何加强令牌卫生并防御这些不断变化的威胁。

The SaaS landscape is booming, but so are the breaches. Token theft is a leading culprit, making robust security measures more critical than ever.

SaaS 领域正在蓬勃发展，但违规行为也在蓬勃发展。令牌盗窃是罪魁祸首，因此强大的安全措施比以往任何时候都更加重要。

The Rising Tide of SaaS Breaches: A Token-Centric View

SaaS 违规浪潮的兴起：以代币为中心的观点

We're living in a SaaS-ified world. Companies rely on a multitude of SaaS applications, but this dependence introduces vulnerabilities, particularly around tokens – those small pieces of data that act as keys to these applications. A compromised token can grant cybercriminals easy access, bypassing even multi-factor authentication (MFA). Recent breaches highlight this very issue.

我们生活在一个 SaaS 化的世界中。公司依赖大量 SaaS 应用程序，但这种依赖会带来漏洞，特别是在令牌方面，即充当这些应用程序密钥的小数据片段。受损的令牌可以让网络犯罪分子轻松访问，甚至绕过多重身份验证 (MFA)。最近的违规事件凸显了这个问题。

Consider the Salesloft/Drift breach of August 2025, where attackers harvested OAuth tokens and accessed hundreds of customer organizations' data. A single unrotated API token compromised Cloudflare's Atlassian environment in November 2023, even after rotating 5,000 credentials! These incidents underscore a concerning trend: token theft is a highly effective attack vector.

考虑一下 2025 年 8 月发生的 Salesloft/Drift 泄露事件，攻击者获取了 OAuth 令牌并访问了数百个客户组织的数据。 2023 年 11 月，即使在轮换 5,000 个凭证之后，单个未轮换的 API 令牌也破坏了 Cloudflare 的 Atlassian 环境！这些事件凸显了一个令人担忧的趋势：代币盗窃是一种高效的攻击媒介。

SaaS Sprawl: The Perfect Breeding Ground for Token Blind Spots

SaaS 蔓延：代币盲点的完美滋生地

Why are these breaches so common? The issue lies in the uncontrolled expansion of SaaS usage, often referred to as "SaaS sprawl." Departments adopt various SaaS tools, creating a complex web of integrations and, consequently, a surge in OAuth tokens and API keys. Many of these integrations operate outside the purview of IT or traditional security solutions, creating ungoverned attack surfaces.

为什么这些违规行为如此普遍？问题在于 SaaS 使用的不受控制的扩展，通常称为“SaaS 蔓延”。各部门采用各种 SaaS 工具，创建复杂的集成网络，从而导致 OAuth 令牌和 API 密钥激增。其中许多集成在 IT 或传统安全解决方案的范围之外运行，从而形成不受监管的攻击面。

This blind spot is fueled by a lack of visibility, absent approval processes, and insufficient monitoring. Employees freely connect apps without proper vetting, granting broad permissions that are rarely reviewed. Security teams often discover these connections only after a breach occurs.

缺乏可见性、缺乏审批流程和监控不足加剧了这一盲点。员工无需经过适当的审查即可自由连接应用程序，从而授予很少审查的广泛权限。安全团队通常只有在发生违规事件后才会发现这些连接。

Why Legacy Security Solutions Fall Short

为什么传统安全解决方案达不到要求

Traditional security tools like SSO and MFA, while crucial, don't fully address the token problem. OAuth tokens bypass these controls, granting persistent trust without further verification. Attackers can leverage valid tokens to access data as if they were already authenticated, with no MFA re-checks. Cloud Access Security Brokers (CASB) often focus on user-to-app traffic, overlooking app-to-app connections.

SSO 和 MFA 等传统安全工具虽然至关重要，但并不能完全解决令牌问题。 OAuth 令牌绕过这些控制，无需进一步验证即可授予持久信任。攻击者可以利用有效令牌来访问数据，就好像它们已经经过身份验证一样，无需 MFA 重新检查。云访问安全代理 (CASB) 通常关注用户到应用程序的流量，而忽视应用程序到应用程序的连接。

Token Hygiene Checklist

令牌卫生检查表

Here are a few tips to reduce risk from token compromise:

以下是降低代币泄露风险的一些技巧：

The MITRE ATT&CK Framework: A Defensive Map for SaaS

MITRE ATT&CK 框架：SaaS 的防御地图

The MITRE ATT&CK framework is crucial to understand. Each tactic highlights what adversaries do, and what defenders need to look for inside SaaS platforms. SaaS requires depth of visibility into users, tokens, integrations, and objects.

理解 MITRE ATT&CK 框架至关重要。每种策略都强调了对手的行为以及防御者需要在 SaaS 平台内寻找什么。 SaaS 需要对用户、令牌、集成和对象的深度可见性。

With SaaS, depth of visibility turns ATT&CK into a defensive map. Practitioners should watch for across each stage of the kill chain:

借助 SaaS，深度可见性将 ATT&CK 转变为防御地图。从业者应该注意杀伤链的每个阶段：

• Initial access
• Execution
• Persistence
• Privilege escalation
• Defense evasion
• Lateral movement
• Collection
• Exfiltration

The Rise of Dynamic SaaS Security Platforms

动态 SaaS 安全平台的兴起

To combat these challenges, dynamic SaaS security platforms are emerging. These platforms aim to discover and secure SaaS integrations, map out third-party apps, tokens, and privileges, and restore visibility and control. Whether through automated discovery or enforced OAuth policies, the goal is to close the SaaS security gap created by unchecked tokens.

为了应对这些挑战，动态 SaaS 安全平台不断涌现。这些平台旨在发现和保护 SaaS 集成，规划第三方应用程序、令牌和权限，并恢复可见性和控制。无论是通过自动发现还是强制执行 OAuth 策略，目标都是弥补由未经检查的令牌造成的 SaaS 安全漏洞。

Ultimately, organizations must prioritize better token hygiene practices. You can't protect what you can't see, so start by identifying your tokens and SaaS integrations. Then, control and monitor them to prevent them from becoming backdoors.

最终，组织必须优先考虑更好的代币卫生实践。您无法保护看不到的内容，因此首先要识别您的令牌和 SaaS 集成。然后，对它们进行控制和监控，防止它们成为后门。

And there you have it! With diligence and the right tools, you can navigate the SaaS security labyrinth and keep those precious tokens safe and sound. After all, a little paranoia goes a long way in cybersecurity.

现在你就得到了它！通过勤奋和正确的工具，您可以在 SaaS 安全迷宫中导航并确保这些宝贵的代币安全无虞。毕竟，一点偏执对网络安全大有帮助。