尽管面临安全挑战，Layer-2 仍有望为比特币带来 DeFi 解决方案

Layer-2 旨在在比特币区块链之上运行，在以太坊生态系统多年创新的推动下，Layer-2 正在迅速兴起。

Several protocols are now onboarding hundreds of developers to the Bitcoin network with the aim of making the BTC blockchain ecosystem more useful over time. These protocols are designed to operate on top of the Bitcoin blockchain, promising to bring decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions to the original chain.

目前，一些协议正在吸引数百名开发人员加入比特币网络，目的是让 BTC 区块链生态系统随着时间的推移变得更加有用。这些协议旨在在比特币区块链之上运行，承诺将去中心化金融（DeFi）解决方案引入原始链。

Despite locking millions in value on-chain in a few months, Bitcoin layer-2s are still in their infancy and face challenges such as security issues and user experience concerns.

尽管在几个月内锁定了数百万美元的链上价值，但比特币 Layer-2 仍处于起步阶段，面临安全问题和用户体验问题等挑战。

At the Bitcoin 2024 conference in Nashville, Tennessee, the Cointelegraph team spoke with some of these protocols about their visions and the challenges they face.

在田纳西州纳什维尔举行的比特币 2024 会议上，Cointelegraph 团队与其中一些协议讨论了他们的愿景和面临的挑战。

Investment manager Franklin Templeton is one of the issuers of Bitcoin exchange-traded funds, but the company is also backing emerging layer-2 protocols, such as Bitlayer.

投资经理富兰克林邓普顿是比特币交易所交易基金的发行人之一，但该公司也支持新兴的第 2 层协议，例如 Bitlayer。

According to Bitlayer co-founder Charlie Hu, the asset manager is now eyeing alternatives to unlock yield for its clients through digital assets, specifically via the Bitcoin network. He told Cointelegraph:

Bitlayer 联合创始人 Charlie Hu 表示，该资产管理公司现在正在寻找替代方案，通过数字资产（特别是通过比特币网络）为客户释放收益。他告诉 Cointelegraph：

“We are working with Franklin Templeton, one of the largest asset managers in the world, and they are looking at ways to put their clients'資金 into the crypto markets. But they want to do it in a safe and sound way, and they are looking at alternatives to putting clients'資金 directly on centralized exchanges.”

“我们正在与世界上最大的资产管理公司之一富兰克林邓普顿合作，他们正在寻找将客户的资金投入加密货币市场的方法。但他们希望以安全可靠的方式做到这一点，并且他们正在寻找将客户的资金直接放在中心化交易所的替代方案。”

In July, Bitlayer closed an $11 million Series A round led by Templeton and ABCDE. The startup offers a more scalable way to transact on the Bitcoin network, like an additional road for transactions on the blockchain. For developers, this opens up the possibility of building applications on the BTC network instead of using Ethereum.

7 月，Bitlayer 完成了由 Templeton 和 ABCDE 领投的 1100 万美元 A 轮融资。该初创公司提供了一种更具可扩展性的比特币网络交易方式，就像区块链交易的一条额外道路。对于开发人员来说，这开启了在 BTC 网络上而不是使用以太坊构建应用程序的可能性。

In the nearly three months since its mainnet went live, the protocol has amassed $409 million in value locked on its chain, according to DefiLlama. The demand, according to Hu, mainly comes from institutional clients seeking additional income from crypto markets.

据 DefiLlama 称，自主网上线以来的近三个月内，该协议已在其链上锁定了 4.09 亿美元的价值。胡表示，这种需求主要来自寻求从加密市场获得额外收入的机构客户。

“The demand is coming from institutions that want to put their clients'資金 in the crypto markets. But they want to do it in a safe and sound way. So they are looking at alternatives to putting clients'資金 directly on centralized exchanges. And this is where Bitlayer comes in,” he added.

“需求来自于希望将客户资金投入加密货币市场的机构。但他们希望以安全可靠的方式做到这一点。因此，他们正在寻找将客户的资金直接放在中心化交易所的替代方案。这就是 Bitlayer 发挥作用的地方，”他补充道。

While Ethereum layer-2s and bridges have become a target for hackers and bad actors over the past few years, Bitcoin layer-2s may also take some time to evolve on this front.

虽然以太坊第 2 层和桥接器在过去几年中已成为黑客和不良行为者的目标，但比特币第 2 层在这方面的发展可能也需要一些时间。

“The big question at the core of this whole security model is how do I get it [tokens] out?,” said Build On Bitcoin (BOB) co-founder Alexei Zamyatin in reference to concerns about wrapping tokens on another layer while maintaining the security of the Bitcoin blockchain.

Build On Bitcoin (BOB) 联合创始人 Alexei Zamyatin 在谈到对将代币包装在另一层上同时保持比特币区块链的安全性。

To address this issue, BOB's team contributes to the development of BitVM, a virtual machine designed to execute smart contracts directly on the Bitcoin blockchain. According to Zamyatin, the BitVM system could enable realistic rollups that inherit Bitcoin security:

为了解决这个问题，BOB 的团队致力于开发 BitVM，这是一种旨在直接在比特币区块链上执行智能合约的虚拟机。根据 Zamyatin 的说法，BitVM 系统可以实现继承比特币安全性的现实汇总：

“The idea is to have a smart contract that can be deployed on Bitcoin and will accept a batch of transactions, like a mini-block, and then generate a proof of the validity of these transactions. And this proof will be included in a Bitcoin transaction, and then anyone can verify it.”

“我们的想法是拥有一个可以部署在比特币上的智能合约，并接受一批交易，例如迷你区块，然后生成这些交易有效性的证明。这个证明将包含在比特币交易中，然后任何人都可以验证它。”

Working on Bitcoin research since 2015, Zamyatin co-founded BOB to create a hybrid solution that combines features of the Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains. Since then, the protocol has raised over $11 million from several investors.

Zamyatin 自 2015 年起致力于比特币研究，与他人共同创立了 BOB，以创建结合了比特币和以太坊区块链功能的混合解决方案。自那时起，该协议已从多个投资者那里筹集了超过 1100 万美元。

In Zamyatin's view, layer-2s will allow innovation to return to Bitcoin in an era when centralized institutions are becoming more prevalent:

Zamyatin 认为，在中心化机构变得更加普遍的时代，第 2 层将使创新回归比特币：

“I find it a bit weird and strange that we're all cheering for the centralized platforms,” he said. “It's good for the price [...] but I think we shouldn't forget that [...] we will have to innovate [Bitcoin] now to make sure we have an alternative.”

“我觉得我们都为中心化平台欢呼有点奇怪，”他说。 “这对价格来说是有利的[...]，但我认为我们不应该忘记[...]我们现在必须创新[比特币]，以确保我们有替代方案。”

Protocols working on the Bitcoin network have a clear goal: to close the utility gap between the first cryptocurrency and other layer-1 blockchains, such as Ethereum. In other words, build an alternative for crypto-based games, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and protocols that currently exist elsewhere on-chain.

在比特币网络上工作的协议有一个明确的目标：缩小第一个加密货币和其他第一层区块链（例如以太坊）之间的效用差距。换句话说，为基于加密的游戏、不可替代代币（NFT）和当前链上其他地方存在的协议构建替代方案。

“I think Bitcoin is the entry point for the non-crypto world, right? Everyone hears Bitcoin first of Ethereum. I think Bitcoin can be the entry point, so everyone will buy Bitcoin or USDT first, not Ethereum,” B² network co-founder, known as Calvin, told Cointelegraph.

“我认为比特币是非加密世界的切入点，对吗？每个人首先听到的是比特币，其次才是以太坊。我认为比特币可以成为切入点，因此每个人都会首先购买比特币或 USDT，而不是以太坊。”B² 网络联合创始人 Calvin 告诉 Cointelegraph。

The protocol offers a data availability layer on the Bitcoin blockchain, a critical component for the security of decentralized applications. This layer ensures that the data necessary to validate transactions is available to all nodes in a network. In a blockchain-based game, for instance, this data layer could ensure that player interactions and in-game asset movements are stored in a decentralized manner.

该协议在比特币区块链上提供了数据可用性层，这是去中心化应用程序安全的关键组成部分。该层确保验证交易所需的数据可供网络中的所有节点使用。例如，在基于区块链的游戏中，该数据层可以确保玩家交互和游戏内资产移动以分散的方式存储。

Having a dedicated layer for NFT transactions could have avoided the network congestion seen in 2023

拥有一个用于 NFT 交易的专用层可以避免 2023 年出现的网络拥堵