拥有比特币的政府：美国是最大的加密货币储藏室

美国和中国等政府持有的巨额比特币储备可能对加密货币市场产生巨大影响。

The United States government has the largest cryptocurrency stash globally. According to data from Arkham, the US government holds over 213,000 BTC, along with 750 wrapped BTC, 50,000 ETH, 40,000 BNB, 10 million USDC, and over 121 million USDT. The total value of these assets is estimated at around $4 billion.

美国政府拥有全球最大的加密货币储备。根据 Arkham 的数据，美国政府持有超过 213,000 个 BTC，以及 750 个打包的 BTC、50,000 个 ETH、40,000 个 BNB、1000 万 USDC 和超过 1.21 亿 USDT。这些资产的总价值估计约为 40 亿美元。

However, CoinBureau notes that the US government has not purchased any of this Bitcoin. Instead, all of its crypto holdings have come from seizures related to illicit activities.

然而，CoinBureau 指出，美国政府尚未购买任何比特币。相反，其持有的所有加密货币都来自与非法活动相关的查获。

One notable case involves Individual X, an anonymous hacker who stole over 69,000 BTC from the Silk Road darknet marketplace between 2012 and 2013. Despite threats from Silk Road’s founder, Ross Ulbricht, Individual X did not spend the stolen Bitcoin but rather handed it over to authorities after being apprehended in February 2015.

一个著名的案例涉及个体 X，一名匿名黑客，他在 2012 年至 2013 年间从 Silk Road 暗网市场窃取了超过 69,000 BTC。尽管受到 Silk Road 创始人 Ross Ulbricht 的威胁，个体 X 并没有花费被盗的比特币，而是将其交给了2015 年 2 月被捕后被当局逮捕。

Another case involves James Jong, who exploited the Silk Road by spamming the withdrawal button, managing to steal more than 51,000 BTC. Jong was caught in November 2021 after a series of mistakes, including a 911 call reporting crypto theft from his residence. After cooperating with investigators, Jong served a one-year prison sentence.

另一个案例涉及 James Jong，他利用丝绸之路向提款按钮发送垃圾邮件，成功窃取了超过 51,000 BTC。 Jong 在犯下一系列错误后于 2021 年 11 月被捕，其中包括拨打 911 电话报告其住所的加密货币被盗。在与调查人员合作后，Jong 被判处一年徒刑。

According to CoinBureau, the US still holds 23,329 BTC, valued at approximately $14 billion. They note that while the US could use Bitcoin as a hedge against inflation, it is more likely to wait for clearer regulations on cryptocurrency before making any moves. Also, the upcoming presidential election could influence the government’s decisions, with crypto becoming a focal point in the campaign.

据CoinBureau称，美国仍持有23,329枚比特币，价值约140亿美元。他们指出，虽然美国可以使用比特币作为对冲通胀的工具，但更有可能等待对加密货币的更明确的监管后再采取任何行动。此外，即将到来的总统选举可能会影响政府的决定，加密货币成为竞选的焦点。

China is also one of the governments with a Bitcoin stash. At one point, the Chinese government possessed over 190,000 BTC, seized from the Plus Token scam, which promised unusually high returns and ultimately defrauded numerous investors.

中国也是拥有比特币储备的政府之一。中国政府一度拥有超过 19 万枚 BTC，这些都是从 Plus Token 骗局中查获的，该骗局承诺了异常高的回报，最终欺骗了众多投资者。

In 2020, Chinese authorities arrested over 100 people involved in Plus Token, including 82 core team members and 27 masterminds. CoinBureau states that the seized assets included not only Bitcoin but also more than 830,000 ETH and over 487 million XRP.

2020年，中国当局逮捕了100多名Plus Token相关人员，其中包括82名核心团队成员和27名主谋。 CoinBureau 表示，查获的资产不仅包括比特币，还包括超过 83 万枚 ETH 和超过 4.87 亿枚 XRP。

It is unclear if China still holds this crypto, but many believe that much of it has been exchanged. The court handling the Plus Token case stated, “The seized digital currencies will be processed under laws and the proceeds and gains will be forfeited to the National treasury.”

目前尚不清楚中国是否仍然持有这种加密货币，但许多人认为其中大部分已经被交换。处理Plus Token案件的法院表示，“扣押的数字货币将依法处理，所得收益将上缴国库。”

Additionally, the Chinese government has also been active in seizing crypto-mining equipment. In September 2021, authorities confiscated over 3,500 Bitcoin mining rigs. The crackdown aimed to curb domestic cryptocurrency mining and trading, aligning with the country’s strategy to maintain control and promote the digital Yuan CBDC.

此外，中国政府还积极扣押加密货币挖矿设备。 2021 年 9 月，当局没收了 3,500 多个比特币矿机。此次打击行动旨在遏制国内加密货币开采和交易，符合国家保持控制和推广数字人民币 CBDC 的战略。

Despite this, there is speculation about state-owned mining operations, with a notable case involving Bit Origin, a Bitcoin mining operation linked to the Chinese government. CoinBureau notes that while China’s crypto policies are restrictive, miners might quickly sell off any mined Bitcoin, and if the government waits until favorable market conditions before selling, it could damage their credibility as regards crypto handling.

尽管如此，还是有人对国有挖矿业务存在猜测，其中一个值得注意的案例涉及与中国政府有关的比特币挖矿业务 Bit Origin。 CoinBureau 指出，虽然中国的加密货币政策具有限制性，但矿工可能会很快出售任何开采的比特币，如果政府等到有利的市场条件才出售，可能会损害他们在加密货币处理方面的可信度。

The United Kingdom holds over 61,000 BTC, which was seized by London’s Metropolitan Police from Gian Wen. Wen was convicted for laundering funds related to an investment fraud operation in China. The stolen Bitcoin belonged to Jumin Chan, who had stolen from thousands in China and then converted the proceeds to BTC. Wen was sentenced to 6 years and 8 months in prison in May 2024.

英国持有超过 61,000 枚比特币，这些比特币是伦敦警察厅从 Gian Wen 手中没收的。温因与中国投资欺诈活动有关的洗钱罪被定罪。被盗的比特币属于 Jumin Chan，他从中国数千人手中窃取了比特币，然后将所得兑换成比特币。 2024年5月，文被判处有期徒刑6年零8个月。

The Crown Prosecution Service in the UK has initiated a civil recovery investigation into Wen’s Bitcoin, which might lead to its forfeiture. In March 2024, the National Crime Agency (NCA) gained new powers to “seize, freeze, and destroy cryptocurrency used by criminals”. This could complicate the return of stolen assets to victims.

英国皇家检察署已对文的比特币发起民事追回调查，这可能会导致其被没收。 2024 年 3 月，国家犯罪局 (NCA) 获得了“扣押、冻结和销毁犯罪分子使用的加密货币”的新权力。这可能会使向受害者返还被盗资产变得更加复杂。

Similarly, the UK government made significant crypto seizures in June 2021. The Metropolitan Police confiscated around $4 million worth of crypto in a money laundering investigation, a record that was surpassed the following month with $180 million worth of crypto seized.

同样，英国政府在 2021 年 6 月查获了大量加密货币。伦敦警察厅在一项洗钱调查中没收了价值约 400 万美元的加密货币，次月查获了价值 1.8 亿美元的加密货币，这一记录被打破。

Ukraine’s cryptocurrency holdings come from different sources. Amid the ongoing conflict with Russia, Ukraine has received crypto donations for military and humanitarian purposes. According to a July 2023 CoinDesk article, Ukraine raised over $225 million in crypto, including $41 million worth of BTC.

乌克兰持有的加密货币来自不同来源。在与俄罗斯持续的冲突中，乌克兰收到了用于军事和人道主义目的的加密货币捐赠。根据 CoinDesk 2023 年 7 月的一篇文章，乌克兰筹集了超过 2.25 亿美元的加密货币，其中包括价值 4100 万美元的比特币。

In April 2021, the Ukrainian government revealed that public officials owned over 46,000 BTC. Of the 700,000 officials who declared their

2021 年 4 月，乌克兰政府透露，公职人员拥有超过 46,000 枚比特币。在70万公开宣布自己的官员中