国家外汇管理局出台严格的新规定，中国加大对加密货币交易的打击力度

中国国家外汇管理局（SAFE）最近出台了严格的新规定，要求银行识别并报告风险交易

China has introduced new regulations that require banks to identify and report risky transactions, including those involving cryptocurrencies, as part of a broader effort to reduce financial activities and tighten its grip on cryptocurrency trading.

中国出台了新法规，要求银行识别和报告风险交易，包括涉及加密货币的交易，作为减少金融活动和加强对加密货币交易控制的更广泛努力的一部分。

The directive, issued by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) last week, mandates local banks to monitor and flag “risky foreign exchange trading behaviors,” such as underground banking, cross-border gambling, and illegal cross-border financial transactions involving cryptocurrencies.

国家外汇管理局（SAFE）上周发布的指令要求地方银行监控和标记“风险外汇交易行为”，例如地下钱庄、跨境赌博以及涉及非法跨境金融交易。加密货币。

Banks are now required to track these activities based on factors including the identity of the individuals and institutions involved, the source of funds, and the frequency of transactions. They must also implement risk-control measures and restrict specific services for flagged entities.

现在，银行需要根据所涉及的个人和机构的身份、资金来源和交易频率等因素来跟踪这些活动。他们还必须实施风险控制措施并限制针对被标记实体的特定服务。

The move is expected to significantly hinder mainland Chinese investors seeking to trade Bitcoin and other digital assets.

预计此举将严重阻碍寻求交易比特币和其他数字资产的中国大陆投资者。

According to Liu Zhengyao, a lawyer at ZhiHeng Law Firm in Shanghai, the new regulations provide a stronger legal basis for penalizing crypto-related activities.

上海智恒律师事务所律师刘正耀表示，新规定为惩罚加密货币相关活动提供了更有力的法律依据。

“The regulatory attitude towards cryptocurrencies in mainland China is likely to continue to tighten in the future,” said Liu.

“未来中国大陆对加密货币的监管态度可能会继续收紧，”刘说。

He added that using yuan to purchase cryptocurrencies and then exchanging them for foreign fiat currencies could now be classified as “cross-border financial activities involving cryptocurrencies,” especially if the amounts exceed legal limits.

他补充说，使用人民币购买加密货币，然后将其兑换为外国法定货币，现在可以被归类为“涉及加密货币的跨境金融活动”，特别是如果金额超过法定限额。

China's crackdown on cryptocurrency activities began in 2017, when it banned initial coin offerings and shut down crypto exchanges. In May 2021, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) declared all crypto-related businesses illegal, including Bitcoin mining and trading.

中国对加密货币活动的打击始于 2017 年，当时禁止首次代币发行并关闭加密货币交易所。 2021 年 5 月，中国人民银行 (PBOC) 宣布所有与加密货币相关的业务都是非法的，包括比特币挖矿和交易。

Despite these strict measures, China has not indicated any intention to relax its policies on digital assets. In fact, the Supreme People's Court recently ruled that using cryptocurrency to transfer or convert criminal proceeds violates China's criminal law, further heightening legal risks for traders.

尽管采取了这些严格的措施，中国并没有表示任何放松数字资产政策的意图。事实上，最高人民法院最近裁定，使用加密货币转移或转换犯罪所得违反了中国刑法，进一步增加了交易者的法律风险。

Interestingly, China itself holds a significant amount of Bitcoin, with estimates suggesting it has over 190,000 BTC, making it the second-largest government holder of Bitcoin after the United States. These assets were acquired primarily through the confiscation of illegal trade activities.

有趣的是，中国本身就持有大量比特币，据估计其拥有超过 190,000 枚比特币，使其成为仅次于美国的第二大政府持有比特币。这些资产主要是通过没收非法贸易活动获得的。

In contrast to China's strict stance, there are calls for a more forward-looking approach to cryptocurrency policy. Justin Sun, the founder of the Tron blockchain, urged China to make further progress in this area in July 2024, suggesting that competition between China and the US in Bitcoin policy could benefit the entire industry.

与中国的严格立场相反，有人呼吁对加密货币政策采取更具前瞻性的方法。 Tron区块链创始人孙宇晨于2024年7月敦促中国在这​​一领域取得进一步进展，暗示中美之间在比特币政策上的竞争可能使整个行业受益。

However, the legal status of cryptocurrencies in China remains complex. While a Chinese court has ruled that crypto-assets have “property qualities” and are not prohibited under Chinese law as commodities, this protection does not extend to their use as currencies or business instruments. This nuanced approach reflects the ongoing tension between regulatory oversight and the potential benefits of cryptocurrency in China.

然而，加密货币在中国的法律地位仍然复杂。虽然中国法院裁定加密资产具有“财产性质”，并且根据中国法律不被禁止作为商品，但这种保护并不适用于将其用作货币或商业工具。这种微妙的做法反映了中国监管监督与加密货币潜在利益之间持续存在的紧张关系。