Berachain：使用流动性证明深入研究 EVM 相同的第 1 层区块链

Berachain 是使用 Cosmos SDK 构建的与 EVM 相同的第 1 层区块链网络。它运行在流动性证明（POL）共识机制上。

Berachain is a blockchain network that uses Proof-of-Liquidity (PoL) to separate gas tokens from governance tokens. This allows users to stake assets on Berachain while still being able to use those assets in DeFi protocols.

Berachain 是一个区块链网络，它使用流动性证明（PoL）将天然气代币与治理代币分开。这允许用户在 Berachain 上质押资产，同时仍然能够在 DeFi 协议中使用这些资产。

Berachain is also EVM-identical, which means that any EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) applications can be deployed on the Berachain network ‘as-is’. Berachain is built with BeaconKit – a modular framework that enables the creation of L1 and L2 chains. As a result, this means Berachain can also support the improvements in the upcoming Dencun upgrade.

Berachain 也与 EVM 相同，这意味着任何 EVM（以太坊虚拟机）应用程序都可以“按原样”部署在 Berachain 网络上。 Beachain 使用 BeaconKit 构建，BeaconKit 是一个模块化框架，可以创建 L1 和 L2 链。因此，这意味着 Berachain 也可以支持即将到来的 Dencun 升级中的改进。

Here's a deeper look at how Berachain works:

以下是对 Berachain 工作原理的更深入了解：

* **Execution Layer: EVM-Identical**

* **执行层：EVM-相同**

Berachain offers an EVM-identical execution environment that allows developers on Ethereum and other EVM networks to port their applications to the networks without making any changes to their code base. Compared to EVM-equivalent and EVM-compatible execution layers, which may require developers to make changes before deploying their apps on these chains, Berachain mirrors the execution environment on Ethereum. This also means that when the EVM is upgraded, Berachain can easily adopt the latest version.

Berachain 提供了与 EVM 相同的执行环境，允许以太坊和其他 EVM 网络上的开发人员将其应用程序移植到网络，而无需对其代码库进行任何更改。与 EVM 等效和 EVM 兼容的执行层（可能需要开发人员在将应用程序部署到这些链上之前进行更改）相比，Berachain 镜像了以太坊上的执行环境。这也意味着当EVM升级时，Berachain可以轻松采用最新版本。

* **Consensus Layer: Proof-of-Liquidity (PoL)**

* **共识层：流动性证明（PoL）**

Berachain's approach to solving the on-chain liquidity is its novel Proof-of-Liquidity (PoL) consensus mechanism. PoL is an adaptation of the established PoS consensus mechanism with a significant modification in the staking process, asset management, and reward distribution.

Berachain解决链上流动性的方法是其新颖的流动性证明（PoL）共识机制。 PoL 是对现有 PoS 共识机制的改编，在质押流程、资产管理和奖励分配方面进行了重大修改。

For one, it introduces a multi-token structure to separate the security and governance systems. It also aims to support the network's economy while building a sufficient value layer for the consensus system.

其一，它引入了多代币结构来分离安全和治理系统。它还旨在支持网络经济，同时为共识系统建立足够的价值层。

In the Berachain network, two types of tokens are used for gas fees and on-chain governance, respectively. BERA is the gas token, while BGT is the governance token. Both tokens are non-transferable and are obtained by staking BERA and other supported assets in the reward vaults. BERA is used to pay for regular and smart contract transactions, while BGT is used to participate in the network's governance. Stakers can choose to stake either BERA or other assets, such as LP tokens, in the reward vaults.

在 Berachain 网络中，两种类型的代币分别用于 Gas 费用和链上治理。 BERA 是 Gas 代币，而 BGT 是治理代币。这两种代币都是不可转让的，是通过在奖励金库中质押 BERA 和其他支持的资产来获得的。 BERA 用于支付常规交易和智能合约交易，而 BGT 用于参与网络治理。质押者可以选择在奖励金库中质押 BERA 或其他资产，例如 LP 代币。

The BGT emissions are then allocated to the reward vaults chosen by the validators based on the incentives offered by the DeFi protocols. These protocols typically offer an exchange rate between the BGT emitted to the vault and another token. For example, a DEX may offer 10 of its native tokens for every 1 BGT emitted to its vault.

然后，BGT 排放量将分配到验证者根据 DeFi 协议提供的激励措施选择的奖励金库。这些协议通常提供发送到金库的 BGT 与其他代币之间的汇率。例如，DEX 可以为向其金库发送的每 1 BGT 提供 10 个原生代币。

After the BGT emissions are allocated to the vaults, users can lock their assets in the vaults to earn a share of the BGT emissions. The portion of BGT emissions that each user receives is determined by the amount of their assets locked in the vault relative to the total assets in the vault. For example, if a user locks 100,000 BERA in a vault that receives 1,000 BGT emissions, the user will earn 100 BGT.

BGT排放量分配到金库后，用户可以将资产锁定在金库中，以赚取BGT排放量的份额。每个用户收到的 BGT 排放部分取决于其锁定在金库中的资产相对于金库中总资产的数量。例如，如果用户将 100,000 BERA 锁定在接收 1,000 BGT 排放量的金库中，则该用户将获得 100 BGT。

Once the BGT emissions are distributed to the users, they can use their BGT to participate in the network's governance by voting on improvement proposals. BGT holders can also choose to delegate their voting powers to any other address.

一旦 BGT 排放量分配给用户，他们就可以使用 BGT 通过对改进提案进行投票来参与网络的治理。 BGT 持有者还可以选择将投票权委托给任何其他地址。