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麻薩諸塞州共和黨參議員候選人約翰·迪頓(John Deaton) 提交了一份非當事人意見陳述,支持美國最大的加密貨幣交易所Coinbase 與美國證券交易委員會(SEC) 就加密貨幣是否應被歸類為證券進行法律鬥爭。 Deaton 是一名加密貨幣愛好者和律師,他正在代表數千名尋求保護自身利益的 Coinbase 用戶進行幹預。他認為,美國證券交易委員會對於如何監管代幣的不一致觀點引起了人們的擔憂,將豪伊測試應用於數位資產的問題應該由更高一級的法院解決。
Crypto Champion John Deaton Wages Legal Battle Against SEC on Behalf of Cryptocurrency Industry
加密貨幣冠軍 John Deaton 代表加密貨幣行業向 SEC 發起法律訴訟
Amidst the whirlwind of his campaign for Massachusetts Senate, John Deaton, a staunch crypto advocate and lawyer-turned-political candidate, has taken up arms against the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on behalf of the beleaguered cryptocurrency industry.
在馬薩諸塞州參議員競選的旋風中,堅定的加密貨幣倡導者、律師出身的政治候選人約翰·迪頓 (John Deaton) 代表陷入困境的加密貨幣行業拿起武器反對美國證券交易委員會 (SEC)。
In a bold move, Deaton has filed an amicus brief in the Southern District of New York in support of Coinbase, the United States' largest cryptocurrency exchange, in its ongoing legal battle with the SEC. This intervention represents the voices of 4,701 Coinbase users, developers, and crypto investors who demand their concerns to be heard in court.
迪頓採取了大膽舉措,在紐約南區提交了一份非當事人意見陳述,支持美國最大的加密貨幣交易所 Coinbase 與 SEC 正在進行的法律鬥爭。此次幹預代表了 4,701 名 Coinbase 用戶、開發者和加密貨幣投資者的聲音,他們要求在法庭上聽取他們的擔憂。
"SEC Chairman Gary Gensler and his agency have shown a disregard for protecting small investors, serving only their political masters," Deaton told FOX Business. "While the SEC wields vast resources at taxpayers' expense, and Coinbase is a formidable company with top-tier legal counsel, consumers deserve an advocate who will amplify their voices."
迪頓對福克斯商業頻道表示:“美國證券交易委員會主席加里·詹斯勒和他的機構表現出對保護小投資者的漠視,只為他們的政治主人服務。” “雖然美國證券交易委員會以納稅人的利益為代價動用了大量資源,而 Coinbase 是一家擁有頂級法律顧問的強大公司,但消費者應該有一位能夠放大他們聲音的倡導者。”
Coinbase and the SEC have declined to comment on the matter.
Coinbase 和 SEC 拒絕對此事發表評論。
The SEC's lawsuit against Coinbase, filed in June 2022, alleges violations of securities laws by operating as an unregistered broker-dealer and offering unregistered securities in the form of crypto tokens. A Manhattan judge ruled in March 2023 that the SEC has sufficient grounds to proceed with the case.
美國證券交易委員會 (SEC) 於 2022 年 6 月對 Coinbase 提起訴訟,指控 Coinbase 作為未註冊經紀交易商運作並以加密代幣形式提供未註冊證券,違反了證券法。曼哈頓法官於 2023 年 3 月裁定,美國證券交易委員會有足夠的理由繼續審理此案。
Coinbase has since filed a motion for an interlocutory appeal, seeking a halt to proceedings while a higher court resolves the fundamental legal question that has ignited a standoff between the SEC and the crypto industry: Does the Howey Test, established in a 1946 Supreme Court ruling, apply to cryptocurrency transactions?
此後,Coinbase 提出了中間上訴動議,尋求暫停訴訟,同時由高等法院解決引發 SEC 和加密貨幣行業之間僵局的基本法律問題:1946 年最高法院裁決中建立的 Howey 測試是否有效,適用於加密貨幣交易嗎?
The Howey Test is the benchmark used to determine whether a transaction qualifies as an investment contract and thus a security.
豪伊測試是用於確定交易是否符合投資合約以及證券資格的基準。
The SEC contends that most cryptocurrencies, except Bitcoin, likely satisfy the Howey Test due to their similarities to traditional securities like stocks and bonds, where investors invest in an entity with the expectation of profit.
美國證券交易委員會認為,除比特幣外,大多數加密貨幣可能滿足豪伊測試,因為它們與股票和債券等傳統證券相似,投資者投資於實體並期望獲得利潤。
However, the crypto industry argues that the SEC is attempting to exert its authority over digital assets by forcing them into the existing framework of securities laws, which were established decades ago without consideration for blockchain technology. Many industry experts believe that most digital assets are more akin to commodities and should fall under the jurisdiction of the SEC's sister agency, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).
然而,加密產業認為,美國證券交易委員會試圖透過強迫數位資產進入現有的證券法框架來對數位資產行使權力,而這些法律是幾十年前製定的,沒有考慮到區塊鏈技術。許多行業專家認為,大多數數位資產更類似於商品,應該屬於 SEC 的姊妹機構商品期貨交易委員會(CFTC)的管轄範圍。
Deaton's amicus brief challenges the SEC's inconsistent views on how tokens should be regulated. In the Coinbase lawsuit, SEC attorneys argued that Bitcoin, the only asset they exempt from security classification, has earned this status because it lacks an ecosystem or "network."
迪頓的法庭之友陳述挑戰了 SEC 關於如何監管代幣的不一致觀點。在 Coinbase 訴訟中,SEC 律師辯稱,比特幣是他們唯一免於安全分類的資產,但因其缺乏生態系統或「網路」而獲得了這一地位。
Deaton counters that Bitcoin arguably has the largest and most established ecosystem, which is precisely why investors choose to invest in it.
迪頓反駁說,比特幣可以說擁有最大、最成熟的生態系統,這正是投資人選擇投資它的原因。
"It's absurd to claim that Bitcoin is not a security because it lacks an ecosystem while simultaneously recognizing that other tokens have ecosystems," Deaton asserts.
迪頓斷言:“聲稱比特幣不是一種證券是荒謬的,因為它缺乏生態系統,同時又承認其他代幣也有生態系統。”
Deaton's brief, which vehemently criticizes the SEC's "malevolent" approach to crypto regulation, supports Coinbase's motion for an interlocutory appeal. He argues that the lack of clarity on the application of the Howey Test to digital assets necessitates a higher court's guidance.
Deaton 的簡報強烈批評 SEC 對加密貨幣監管的「惡意」做法,支持 Coinbase 的中間上訴動議。他認為,豪伊測試對數位資產的應用缺乏明確性,因此需要上級法院的指導。
"If the Howey test is to be interpreted and applied indefinitely to all transactions, an appellate court, potentially even the U.S. Supreme Court, must validate its applicability," he writes.
「如果要無限期地解釋豪伊測試並適用於所有交易,上訴法院,甚至可能是美國最高法院,必須驗證其適用性,」他寫道。
Deaton further cites statements from Republican SEC Commissioners Hester Peirce and Mark Uyeda, as well as government officials like Congressman Ritchie Torres (D-New York), expressing concerns about the regulatory landscape under Gensler's leadership.
迪頓進一步引用了共和黨 SEC 委員 Hester Peirce 和 Mark Uyeda 以及國會議員 Ritchie Torres(紐約州民主黨人)等政府官員的聲明,表達了對 Gensler 領導下監管環境的擔憂。
"The prevailing lack of clarity seems to be a strategic effort by the SEC to hinder the digital asset industry," Deaton contends. "At best, their actions are not in line with their mission of protecting investors."
迪頓認為:“普遍缺乏明確性似乎是 SEC 為阻礙數位資產行業而採取的戰略舉措。” “充其量,他們的行為不符合保護投資者的使命。”
Deaton's involvement in the crypto space is not new. As a Republican candidate running against incumbent Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren from Massachusetts, he has consistently advocated for the $2 trillion crypto industry and taken on securities regulators.
迪頓涉足加密貨幣領域並不新鮮。作為與馬薩諸塞州現任民主黨參議員伊麗莎白沃倫 (Elizabeth Warren) 競爭的共和黨候選人,他一直主張建立 2 兆美元的加密貨幣行業,並與證券監管機構進行較量。
His legal advocacy for blockchain firm Ripple in its three-year legal battle with the SEC has earned him respect among XRP token holders. He represented XRP investors as an amicus curiae, or "friend of the court," and performed the same role for users of the LBC token in the SEC's lawsuit against decentralized content-sharing platform LBRY.
他在區塊鏈公司 Ripple 與 SEC 長達三年的法律訴訟中為他提供的法律辯護為他贏得了 XRP 代幣持有者的尊重。他以法庭之友(amicus curiae)或「法庭之友」的身份代表 XRP 投資者,並在美國證券交易委員會針對去中心化內容共享平台 LBRY 的訴訟中為 LBC 代幣的用戶扮演同樣的角色。
Deaton's efforts in the Ripple case are widely credited as a contributing factor in Manhattan District Judge Torres' ruling, a watershed moment for the industry, which determined that XRP sales between retail investors on exchanges did not meet the SEC's definition of a securities transaction.
迪頓在瑞波案中的努力被廣泛認為是曼哈頓地區法官托雷斯裁決的一個促成因素,這是該行業的分水嶺,該裁決確定散戶投資者在交易所之間的XRP 銷售不符合SEC 對證券交易的定義。
If the ruling withstands appeal, it will establish a legal precedent that the SEC lacks jurisdiction over secondary market transactions between retail investors, such as those conducted on exchanges like Coinbase.
如果該裁決經受住上訴,將開創一個法律先例,即 SEC 對散戶投資者之間的二級市場交易(例如在 Coinbase 等交易所進行的交易)缺乏管轄權。
It has also ignited a heated legal debate over the defining characteristics of a security, which is at the core of most SEC lawsuits against the crypto industry.
它也引發了關於證券定義特徵的激烈法律辯論,這是美國證券交易委員會針對加密行業的大多數訴訟的核心。
The Southern District of New York courthouse presents a curious spectacle: three judges holding conflicting views on whether digital asset transactions satisfy the Howey Test. Deaton cites this discord in his brief, arguing for the necessity of an interlocutory appeal to resolve the regulatory conundrum surrounding digital assets once and for all.
紐約南區法院呈現出一個奇怪的景象:三位法官對於數位資產交易是否滿足豪伊測試持有不同的觀點。迪頓在他的簡報中引用了這種不一致,認為有必要進行中間上訴,以一勞永逸地解決圍繞數位資產的監管難題。
Although interlocutory appeals are rarely granted, Deaton's persuasive arguments may sway Judge Failla, who is presiding over the Coinbase case, to rule in favor of Coinbase's request.
儘管中間上訴很少獲得批准,但迪頓的說服力論點可能會影響主審 Coinbase 案件的法伊拉法官,做出有利於 Coinbase 請求的裁決。
As the legal battle unfolds, John Deaton stands as a formidable champion for the cryptocurrency industry. His unwavering advocacy for clarity, fairness, and consumer protection signals a turning point in the relationship between regulators and the burgeoning digital asset ecosystem.
隨著法律戰的展開,約翰·迪頓成為加密貨幣產業的強大冠軍。他堅定不移地倡導透明度、公平性和消費者保護,這標誌著監管機構與蓬勃發展的數位資產生態系統之間關係的轉折點。
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